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Analogies

Analogies. It’s kinda like…. Analogy Definition. a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification . Greek philosophers believed being able to compare objects meant they had a “shared abstraction” (core attribute). Types of Analogies.

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Analogies

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  1. Analogies It’s kinda like…

  2. Analogy Definition • a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification. • Greek philosophers believed being able to compare objects meant they had a “shared abstraction” (core attribute)

  3. Types of Analogies • Simile: compares two different things by using connecting words Likeand As • As big as an elephant. • Metaphor:compares two things directly without using connecting words.  • He has a heart of gold • Parable:a simple story that teaches some truth or illustrates a lesson or • The Boy Who Cried Wolf • Allegory: a story in which the images, characters and events act as symbols. These symbols demonstrate more truths, historical or political situations • Animal Farm is an allegory for Communism in Russia • Exemplification:an illustration of something

  4. Simile vs. Metaphor vs. Analogy • Simile: It compares two different ideas or things to develop a new meaning. For example, ‘She is as sweet as honey’ • Metaphor: It is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two things that are different from each other. For example, ‘The classroom was a zoo’  • Analogy: An analogy makes a comparison between two things to show a similarity. For example, ‘He was as quiet as a mouse’ it is difficult to hear a sound of mouse, so that means he was very quiet. 

  5. Why use analogies? • Help make complex, often times abstract, ideas more understandable • Give concrete examples to abstract ideas • Give words/definitions to unknown ideas • Can create simplified scenarios to be expandedupon to bigger ideas • Can be an effective way to argue points • Can be used to help support conclusions toarguments, or plausibility

  6. Effective Analogies • The strength of an analogy depends upon the number of similarities • Similarity reduces to identical properties and relations • Good analogies derive from underlying common causes or general laws • A good analogical argument need not pre-suppose acquaintance with the underlying generalization • Use objects/ideas that are familiar with the target audience

  7. Joseph Priestley (1733-1804): “analogy is our best guide in all philosophical investigations; and all discoveries, which were not made by mere accident, have been made by the help of it.”

  8. Your Turn: • Create an analogy to explain what philosophy is. • Example: Philosophy is the Lego of ideas. • Things to think about: • What philosophy is. • What did we talk about? • What do you already know/understand about it? • What is it to you? • What purpose does it serve? • How can you explain your analogy? • Write a (½ - 1 page typed or 1-2 page hand written) explanationof your analogy and include a visual • Due Tuesday (be ready to share with your table group) and out of 10

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