HF UPGRADE PROJECT

1. HF UPGRADE PROJECT Y. Onel PM Report March 5, 2012

2. Recent highlights and news PRR IS SUCCESSFULLY DONE. • Working on the response to recommendations- This is coordinated by Taylan. Taylan and David . We have the first draft. • We worked on the New ROBOX installation during YETS Many people involved from HF as well as Integration and operation teams. HF team at CERN--- Alexi, Ianos, Dick, Ilkehan, Ferhat, Sercan and Sergey and Iowa team Ugur, Emrah, Garrett, Jared and George. Special thanks to D.Kelogg. THE ROBOX WAS INSTALLED ON FEB 27th. • The PMT’s are being delivered promptly and characterization ,speciality and batch tests continues. • The PMT info for the New 24 PMT’s are in the HCAL DB and George and Johnny are working on the 900 PMT’s DB installation.( thanks for Umesh for his guidence) • New Cables--- Discussing with the US CMS management , CMS Management and HCAL Upgrade management( C.Tully, J.Mans)).We hope to define our party line and go to the upper management.

3. ROB with new adapter boards and recessed connectors

4. New adapter board Holes for standoffs and cable strain relief bars Adapter board Base board For single channel readout/PMT

5. YETS BOX INSTALLED

6. Reviews • PMT’s, Sockets were tested in JulyTB and Oct TB. • July TB Data analysis + Double Pulse Linearity at Iowa • RBX- Mechanics and Sleeves were tested in JulyTB • New Cables test with QIE 8 on bench at FERMI and CERN-904 internal sign off before Oct TB. • Internal review 1 ( Oct 5th, Very successful) • New (Cables,Base Boards, RBX)were tested in Oct TB • Oct TB Analysis and draft CMS and Journal publications draft • Internal review 2 and 3 ( Nov 14 and 16) • Cables, Power Supplies Prototype Bulgarian or commercial and October TB. • Dry Run-Review December 8th. • CMS PRR for RBX and Power Supplies  Full system

7. ACHIEVED MILESTONES HCAL Milestones • 1-Nov-11 Sleeve Design Approval - Internal HCAL Review • 1-Nov-11 HCAL Sign Off of Pre-Production ROBOX • 1-Nov-11 New Cable Scheme Design Approval - Internal HCAL Review HF UPGRADE PROJECT MILESTONS • 1-Jan-12 PMT Testing 50% Complete • 30-May-12 Production Readiness Review ( Moved to January 12)

8. HF Upgrade LS1 2010‐11 • Develop new light guide sleeve to match existing light guide to new PMT • Develop plan for two and four channel cabling (optıon to install in 2013 at least two channel option)(ECR) • Design with the aim of four channel readout per PMT, either fully or with a flexible processor on detector, for the longer term. (ECR) 2011-2012 • PMT delivery and characterization • Prepare all components for readout boxes 2013 • Removal and install readout boxes in garage, retro‐fit on the surface at P5 • One HF at a time, about 5 months each • Replace PMTs and light guide sleeve, prepare cabling for 2 or 4‐channel readout (option) • Complete by beginning of 2013 for commissioning with LED system

9. LS1 and Beyond Several options are under discussion for LS1 and beyond Considerations include allowing for early HF Front-End installation as well as support parallel operation of an upgraded calorimeter trigger Detailed path to be followed will depend on several factors Physics risk and benefit to CMS Technical progress along each path Budget constraints(new funding 300K CHF from Turkey for HF FE Productionand Brazil is applying for funding for HF FE development work)

10. 2-4 Channel options • The efficiency of the 4 Ch algorithm is ~ 98%, 2 Ch algorithms are ~ 90%. 4 Ch option has more controlling power on the background elimination. It is also an unprecedented readout segmentation in an operational calorimeter. • Not only does the new PMT reduce the intrinsic level of the background, but it also enables tagging of background events and recovering the underlying signal event (if any) by using the multi-anode features. Signal: The quad anode PMT views the well-mixed light from the air light guide, thus all 4 anodes should have the same signal (up to statistical variation). • 2 channel readout is used in one detector channel at P5 and we collected data with it. 2 channel readout will help window hit tagging, as well as signal recovery. Timing rejection algorithms can be strengthen by using 2 channel readout.

11. Physics Advantages from Multi-channel system • HF upgrade PMTs will greatly reduce anomalous signals However, even thinner windows will have a low level of window hits Improve algorithmic rejection if readout in 4-anode compared to 2-anode Previous studies looked at Physics Impact: Importance of HF to CMS Physics goals VBF Higgs, Missing ET based searches for New Physics. • Proposed Studies of Impact of PMT hits Physics quantities L1 trigger timing. • Previous study -- Impact of HF PMT hits on QCD jets (using PMT simulation) • Pt of leading jet (in HF) shows increase in hi-pt tail when PMT hits included --- pt>250 increased by 68% Extra HF jets from QCD will lead to increased background to VBF Higgs search Update this study to quantify difference between 2- and 4-anode. • Previous study -- Importance of Forward Jets in VBF Higgs search (qqH -->tautau-->leptons( muon or e) • The qqH signal includes forward jets which are not present in many prominent background signals. --> 2/3 of signal would be lost without HF coverage Since many signal jets have eta >3.0, HF is essential in the VBF Higgs search. • Previous Study -- Importance of HF in MET-based physics HF adds coverage to improve MET measurement for CMS physics : searches for SUSY, exotic physics reject QCD background. • HF energy measurement reduces MET tail (MET>100) in QCD multijet events by factor of ~10 (compared to no HF) PMT-window events increase MET tail (MET>100) in QCD jets. • Update analysis quantify impact of 2-anode vs 4-anode • Updates of Pt5 analysis and Iowa Simulation will take several months. Even if there is no clear conclusion from the simulation studies- We feel that we should not kill the 4 channel option in the future since we will not know what kind of physics might be important after 2016-17 ?? It might be OK to go for 2 channel option NOW due to the financial constraints- but we should never the close the door for future 4 channel option. The key is our algo's are great to recover the events- not only reject these. Our current design and planning includes all options 1, 2 and 4 channel.

12. 2 Two Channel Readout PMT Study in CMS pp Collisions The L1 trigger firmware can be turned on and benefit from multi-channel readout since more information from a single channel is available. A simple logic, which is modified from the original logic for two-channel readout is as follow: • Do not form trigger primitive if • (E1 < 50 GeV AND E2 > 50 GeV) OR (E1 > 50 GeV AND E2 < 50 GeV)  A demonstration of this is shown in Figure (5) where side bands, which are PMT hits, are removed based on the cutoff values of the algorithm. We have discussed analysis results from data collected with two-channel readout during 2011 proton-proton collisions. We have found that new type of PMTs produce less spurious events in the tail and do not cause saturation (saturated signals are thrown away from the event content which produce artificial missing transverse energy). We have shown that two-channel readout helps window hit tagging, and timing rejection algorithms can be strengthen with their usage. Furthermore, L1 trigger can benefit of having multi-channel readout, even with 25 ns spaced collisions, since probability of having energetic hits to the same channel twice is very small.   We are working in CMSSW simulations for 2-4 channel readout options for certain physics processes. We expect to obtain preliminary results in 2-3 months.

13. Report from the CMS HCAL HF PMT replacement Production Readiness Review (PRR) The goals for the review: • Approve the manufacturing of all Robox components needed for the work during LS1 including go-ahead to produce all electronics boards • Endorse the cabling plans; whether the existing cables are re-used for a start after the LS1 • Endorse on the plans for the bias and low voltage power systems • Link person YasarOnel, Iowa

14. Final conclusion • The mechanical construction appear to be sound, perhaps with a reservation concerning the pmt base board to patch board connection, and the committee believes that the material can be procured without significant economical risk. • Considering the cabling plan and the procurement of cables it seems difficult to determine whether the 2 channel or 4-channel option is optimal. With this in mind and also taking the current economical situation into account it appears wise to defer the decision until more information is available. • Concerning the choice of bias voltage system please refer to the Recommendation above. • A plan for addressing the recommendations should be provided to the committee before the end of February 2012.

15. Bulgarian existing HV Supplies We are in contact with the Bulgarian team regarding the observed “SPIKES” in the existing module as well as our new prototype. Communication thru LubomirDimitrov: • Your team probably is using crate controller with some previous version of the firmware where the 'voltage return after a current trip' bug is not fixed. The latest version is 1.12 /it can be shown as '1C' on the control window/. The V1.13 will be available together with the new module. • I will comment 'the spikes' after receiving the supplementary information. Note that working on less than half maximum voltage is far for bestconditions for the module. We even haven't studied the modules parameters at these voltages. For sure there will be no such issues with the new module.You will find the specifications of our design in the attached file. I'm ready to answer to any additional questions. We have a team communicating with the Bulgarian group. Alexi,Dick, German, Ianos, Sergey. We have sent Alexi’s report to them and Sergey has provided the equivalent electric diagram of the divider. Lubomir will be at CERN on March 30th with a new proto to test together with our new team.

16. HV System • There are two CAEN systems  ---old and new--- we need budgetary quotes on both of these which it should include the modifications to meet our new PMT needs.  (German, Alexi, Sergey)b) We have to test both systems at CERN ( Alexi, German) and I also need a report on this by German and Alexi (write-up) --how easy will it be put this system together-- will we need a support from CAEN ??c) The Bulgarian unit will be arriving soon- we know the price.  The unit will arrive initially without any crate-- we have to use the existing crate. These tests should be conducted Alexi and German together with the Bulgarian team. As mentioned before our crew working on the HF YETS module has observed the over-voltage spike, and the sudden return of voltage in response to the "OFF" command after a trip with current module. We communicated this problem to Bulgarians and requested the systematic of their current design. I will the form a committee and request for RFP or RFQ---we have to get their numbers (CAEN--- we have already Bulgarian numbers) and committee will decide on the pros and cons.

17. New cables I Why replace cables: • Channel count will either double or quadruple when we transition to multi-anode readout and new front-end electronics (sometime after LS1). • Current cables have insufficient connection density to be simply augmented to meet the needs. There are several cable replacement scenarios presently on the table: • Upgrade cables during LS1 along with ROB upgrade. • Allows sufficient time to do the job well. • ALARA. Radiation will make work on HF progressively more difficult. • Reduces the future work load to transition to multi-anode readout when new electronics are available. • Delay changing cables until a later substantial stop or shutdown. • Provides more time to understand the cabling options, and financial issues. Caveats: • Requires additional modifications to boxes. • Opportunity may come later than desired • Opportunity will likely be shorter. • Compromise quality and maintainability • Stressful work environment • Risk to experiment to try to fully re-commission on a tight schedule • ALARA • Cable for dual or quad readout, or dual with later option for quad. For LS1: • Anodes will be ganged via adapter boards inside the ROB’s to match the channel count of the existing HF front end electronics. • If new cables are installed , adapters will reside at the FE electronics to adapt the new cables to the existing electronics. When new electronics are available: • ROB’s will be reconfigured for multi-anode readout and front end electronics crates and LV power supplies will be replaced /re-cabled.

18. ROB Connector panels with Winchester Electronics connectors (for multi anode readout) • A Cabling solution from Winchester electronics was tested with the PPP box. • Confirmed that Winchester connectors are compatible with existing plate3’s. • - Production of new plate3’s not needed with this solution. • Other cabling/connector solutions may not be compatible and require remanufacturing of plate3’s and/or outer shells.

19. New Cables II The HF group has worked very hard to identify and test the best cable option, however the solution is expensive, • A viable solution and vendor have been identified and presented. Because this job represents a small semi-custom job to the vendor, we may have difficulty in pursuing it n+ years from now. If things get deferred long enough another market survey will need to take place along with testing. • Mechanics for the upgrade of the HF ROBox, HF Readout crates and HF electronics becomes unclear without a candidate cabling solution. • Vendor would like purchase to be a single transaction which also reduces NRE costs to us. They would be willing to sell us the 2 anode readout solution along with the parts for the 4 anode solution.

20. NEW CABLES III • We are in the process of establishing a plausible yet expandable solution for the post LS1 HF configuration. After the HF PRR, there has been some discussion to try to identify the best path forward. We would like to keep /maintain 4-anode upgrade option for future high intensity running. Nonetheless, there is no point in having 4-anode cabling without electronics. We don’t want to be in this situation at end of LS1. Our opinion is to try to secure funding for 2-anode capacity cabling with funding for front and backend electronics. • With our exchanges with the vendor, we found that the vendor would like purchase to be a single transaction, which also reduces NRE costs to us. They would be willing to sell us the 2-anode readout solution along with the parts for the 4-anode solution, which can provide an expandable solution.

21. NEW CABLES IV • We all agree that the decision should be based upon the physics requirements. A viable solution and vendor have been identified and presented. We have two reasons to order the cables as soon as possible in 2012. • The first one is that the mechanics for the upgrade of the HF readout box, HF readout crates and HF electronics becomes unclear without a candidate cabling solution. • The second one is related to the fact that this job represents a small semi-custom job to the vendor. Although we have identified a vendor, which will bring the viable cabling solution, we may have difficulty in pursuing it in the years from now. If things get deferred long enough another market survey will need to take place along with testing.

22. NEW CABLES V New cable purchase decision 2 or 4 channel 7/1/2012 Taylan’s results are available based on the SLICE BOX data Jane group and Baylor University group will be working on the physics simulation of 2-4 channel issue. -Discussion within the HF group and HCAL upgrade group ( C.Tully et al).We want to always maintain 4 anode upgrade option(future high intensity) . -Basic economics: No point in having quad anode cable without electronics. We don’t want this situation at end of LS1. *“Best way forward” is to try to secure funding for 2-anode capacity cabling + funding for front and backend electronics. *Upgrade electronics by 2016 (during “LS1.5”?). * Buy connectors for 4 anode to maintain option for future.

24. ALARA Slide from Ambient dose equivalent in CMS after the beam stop in 2011 & 2012 H. Vincke 23/8/2011 - Even at LS1 work area could be a controlled radiation area - “ Good job and dose planning needs time”

26. Scope of work for cable replacement • HF structures will need to be modified to provide support, storage, and access to the new cabling (May want to do this in LS1 regardless of cable decision). • Dress and test the new cables (up to 576 cables + spares). • Remove the existing 576 front end cables in addition to consolidation of nearby cabling and services. • Installation and connection of new cables. • Maybe installation of additional fibers in the HF cable chains • Re-commission HF’s When new electronics available: • Reconfigure racks and associated infrastructure for new front end crates and LV power supplies. • Installation of the new electronics. • If not done earlier, installation of additional fibers in the HF cable chains • Rerouting of cables and fibers to the new electronics. • Re-commission HF’s This is a big job. Not to be underestimated

27. Milestones 2012 HF UPGRADE PROJECT MILESTONS • PMT Testing 50% Complete 1/1/2012 • Production Readiness Review 1/12/2012 • New YETS 2012 ROBOX manufactured, tested and installed in CMS 2/17/2012 • New cable purchase decision 2 or 4 channel 7/1/2012 • Start of CMS 2012 Shutdown 12/5/12 • Equip ROBOX test stands at SX5 11/23/12 • Gather Miscellaneous Hardware/Equipment for in-situ HF Testing in Garages 11/23/12 • Install Miscellaneous Hardware/Equipment for in-situ HF Testing in Garages 12/19/12 • HF Plus Moved into Garages 12/21/12 HCAL MILESTONES • New HV system purchase decision 8/15/2012 • HF PMT characterization and testing 100% done 10/1/2012 • HF PMT's are shipped to CERN 10/15/2012 • HF PMT Boards QC testing 100% at Iowa 11/1/2012 • Start of the HF ROBOXes shipping to CERN 11/1/2012 • HF PMT's are shipped to CERN 10/15/2012 • These are communicated to the HCAL Integration and USCMS L2.