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Community Demonstration Project Baltimore Police Department June 27, 2000 Regional Crime Analysis GIS (RCAGIS) Developed by the United States Department of Justice Criminal Division Geographic Information Systems Staff. Why Baltimore City?. Population: 736,014 (1990 Census)
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Community Demonstration Project Baltimore Police Department June 27, 2000 Regional Crime Analysis GIS (RCAGIS) Developed by the United States Department of Justice Criminal Division Geographic Information Systems Staff
Why Baltimore City? Population: 736,014 (1990 Census) 1998 Second Most Violent Big City in America Among the 30 largest cities - Ranked 2nd in violent crime - Ranked 2nd in total felony crime - Ranked 2nd in murder rate 1999 311 homicides in Baltimore City Seven times the national average
13 Police Departments Dial-up Connection Master Database Baltimore City PD Baltimore County PD HIDTA Howard County PD ... • 13,600 records in 1998 ... • Upload/Download 2-3 times per week • Formed RCAS, an incorporated, not-for-profit agency • Standardized crime incident data • Geocode own crime data • Independent LANs
What is RCAGIS? Mapping, Chiefs, sheriffs, and commissioners Analysis, and Commanders Reporting tools: Crime analysts Managers Officers Flexible: Add new users and data without additional computer programming Easy to use: 3 modules, all menu driven Automated reports Spatial and temporal analysis Generate maps and reports in less than one minute Inexpensive: $100 per PC, MapObjects 2.0 Delivery date: April 3, 2000
Two Primary Purposes of GIS to Law Enforcement 1. Tactical and strategic responses to crime • Prevent crime, reduce crime, clear cases • Identify target areas, trends, potential suspects • Proactive measures • Assist commanders to deploy officers more effectively • Use a variety of data sources 2. Officer and commander accountability • Take action against crime and measure the effectiveness of the anti-crime initiative
This map shows the need for a regional focus and the similarity of auto theft hot spots using two different methods. Auto Theft and Recovery Locations and Auto Theft Hot Spots
Compare Locations of Open and Cleared Cases and Identify Potential Suspects RCAGIS allows the user to compare concentrations of open and cleared cases, identify incident similarities, and identify potential suspects.
Tactical Responses Often Require Planimetric Data and Aerial Photographs The buildings are life-like in shape and size and they are shaded according to type of use.
Baltimore County’s Strategic Objective Areas shaded according to the amount of crime. Measure Program Effectiveness Through Thematic Mapping: Show Changes in Crime and Crime Displacement Effects
RCAGIS calculates a threshold of crime for a given region and then uses statistics to warn the user of increases in crime. Early Warning System
For the Dundalk area, the top box shows during which cycles the crime level threshold was breached. The bottom box shows where the crimes took place in Dundalk and the mean center of those crimes. Detect Trends Over Time
This map shows a high concentration of arrestees and DOC releasees near incident locations and PALs. Detect Trends and Identify Potential Suspects
This map demonstrates the need for a regional approach to fighting crime. Clear Cases on Mobile Offenders
Community Demonstration Project Issues for BPD • Thankful to be a CDP site • Metadata is “twice removed” from local law enforcement agencies (LEAs) • Good reason to include an LEA as a site • Poses new communication challenges • Resources • Crime Analysis Unit is at half-staff • Lack of funds, other resources • Lack of previous knowledge about metadata
RCAGIS Status RCAGIS • April 3 - Delivered RCAGIS 1.0 (we had several alpha and beta versions) • Automated and interactive crime analysis • Automated and interactive mapping • Automated reports • June 5 - Began training Baltimore County Police Department (Baltimore City and Howard County to immediately follow) • Officers • Crime Analysts • Police managers and command staff
RCAGIS Status Data Sharing and Metadata • Two BPD personnel received metadata training • Identified geographic data to share via clearinghouse nodes • Identified a potential clearinghouse node • (University of Maryland, Baltimore County) • Improved relationship with Baltimore City GIS Staff
Next Steps • Find the appropriate NSDI node to serve as a host • Encourage other RCAGIS police departments to use FGDC metadata standards • Document and share the success of CDP and RCAGIS
Partners • Baltimore City Police Department • Sgt. Paul Herman • Baltimore County Police Department • Phil Canter • Dr. Ned Levine (developer of CrimeStat) • Our Staff • USDOJ/Criminal Division • John E. De Voe • Alex Mudd • INDUS Corporation • David Nulph • Jeff Burka • Robert Crump • Ron Wilson
For additional information please contact: Alex Mudd U.S. Department of Justice, Criminal Division GIS Staff 1400 New York Ave., Rm. 7120 Washington, DC 20530 Phone: (202) 307-3865 E-mail: alexander.mudd@usdoj.gov USDOJ Criminal Division Web Site www.usdoj.gov/criminal/gis