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Classification

Classification. Classification is the grouping of organisms based on similarities of features. Taxonomy is the science of studying classification. WARM UP. Principles of Classification. In the 4th century B.C . Aristotle N ot scientific, P physical appearances of organisms.

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Classification

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  1. Classification

  2. Classification is the grouping of organisms based on similarities of features. Taxonomy is the science of studying classification

  3. WARM UP

  4. Principles of Classification • In the 4th century B.C. Aristotle • Notscientific, • Pphysical appearances of organisms Such a type of classification is called empirical or artificial classification.

  5. Aristotle divided organisms into two major groups: animals and plants

  6. John Ray • 1650's by the English naturalist John Ray • Ray was the first scientist who introduced the term species.

  7. Carl Linnaeus The Swedish botanist Linnaeus established methods for classifying and naming organisms that are still used.

  8. Naming Organisms • Two- word system of identifying each kind of organism, which is still used, is known as binomial nomenclature.

  9. ‘Binomial’ = 2 names Fucus vesiculosus species – all in lower case Genus – has a capital letter Italics (or underlined) -to show the words are different to ordinary text.

  10. What did he do differently? He used structural similarities as a basis for his classification system.

  11. Modern Taxonomy Taxonomy is the science of studying classification King Philip Come Over For Grassperry Soup

  12. Classification Categories • In classifying living things, biologists generally use the following categories: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. • In plant taxonomy, the term division is used in place of phylum.

  13. A species is a group of organisms; • whose members have structural similarities • whose members are capable of mate and produce • fertile offspring’s • whose members have the same chromosome number

  14. Structural Information: Structural similarities, such as those in skeletal structure or leaf anatomy, are the primary basis for grouping organisms. • homologous structures are important for different organisms

  15. Homologous structures Homologous structures may not necessarilyperform the same function but they share a common ancestral origin.

  16. Analogous structures various structures in different species having the same appearance, structure or function but have evolved separately, thus do not share common ancestor wings of insects and birds used for flying

  17. Biochemical Information:

  18. Embryological Information:

  19. Fossil Information: Any preserved evidence of an organism, such as a bone, footprint, or body impression, is called a fossil.

  20. Fossils are useful in establishing likely relationships between modern- day species that lived thousands or even millions of years ago.

  21. Researches • bioted.tedankara. • http://www.nps.gov/fobu/photosmultimedia/index.htm • http://moblog.net/view/894472/charmouth-fossils CEREN ANATÜRK 11 March 2013

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