Semester 4 final exam REVIEW

1. Semester 4 final exam REVIEW 2011

2. STP • What does STP and RSTP stand for • SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL • RAPID SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL • On what device does STP operate? • SWITCHES • What is the difference between the two? • SPANNING TREE CAN TAKE UP TO 50 SECONDS • RSTP CAN BE ACTIVE IN ONE SECOND

3. ACL’s • WHERE SHOULD BE STANDARD ACL’S BE PLACED? • CLOSE TO THE DESTINATION • BECAUSE YOU CAN’T SPECIFY THE DESTINATION • WHERE SHOULD EXTENDED ACL’S BE PLACED? • AS CLOSE TO THE SOURCE AS POSSIBLE SO YOU WON’T HAVE MORE TRAFFIC ON THE NETWORK THAN NECESSARY • WHY MUST YOU ENTER ALL THE STATEMENTS INTO AN ACL AT ONE TIME? • OTHERWISE THE NEW STATEMENTS GET ADDED TO THE END, WHICH MIGHT NOT BE THE RIGHT PLACE FOR THEM

4. HIERARCHICAL LAYERS • WHAT ARE THE THREE LAYERS? • CORE • DISTRIBUTION • ACCESS • WHAT KIND OF DEVICES ARE PLACED IN THE DISTRIBUTION LAYER? • ROUTERS/FIREWALLS • WHAT KIND OF DEVICES ARE PLACE IN THE ACCESS LAYER? • USER COMPUTERS, IP PHONES, WORK GROUP SWITCHES

5. IDS AND IPS • WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IDS AND IPS? • IDS IS NOT PROACTIVE, NOTIFIES MANAGEMENT THERE MAY BE A PROBLEM • IPS IS PROACTIVE…SENDS REPORT TO MANAGEMENT AND BLOCKS IMMEDIATELY

6. WIRELESS • WHAT IS AN SSID? • THE WIRELESS NETWORK THAT YOU ARE USING • WHY SHOULD YOU BROADCAST THE SSID? • SO YOUR USERS CAN FIND IT • WHY WOULD YOU NOT BROADCAST THE SSID? • WHEN YOU DON’T WANT USERS ON IT • WHY SHOULD YOU DO A WIRELESS SURVEY BEFORE YOU DEPLOY A NEW NETWORK? • IT WILL FIND THE OPTIMAL NUMBER AND PLACEMENT OF ACCESS POINTS

7. NETWORK BASELINE • WHAT IS A NETWORK BASELINE? • POINT OF REFERENCE FOR FUTURE NETWORK EVALUATIONS. IT IS A HEALTHY NETWORK

8. NETWORK JOBS • THIS PERSON ANALYZES CUSTOMER GOALS TO SELECT THE TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT NEEDED AND DRAW NETWORK MAPS • NETWORK DESIGNER • THIS PERSON IS THE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE WHILE DECIDING WHAT UPGRADES TO DO • PRESALES ENGINEER • THIS PERSON IS THE MAIN CONTACT AND COMMUNICATES IN MEETINGS, EMAILS, AND ON THE PHONE • ACCOUNT MANAGER

9. NETWORK JOBS • THIS PERSON PROVIDES TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND TRAINING AFTER DEPLOYING THE SOLUTION • POST SALES FIELD ENGINEER • WHAT IS SNMP • SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL • WHAT IS IT USED FOR? • TO MONITOR THE NETWORK PERFORMANCE OF A ROUTER AND OTHER NETWORKING EQUIPMENT. • MONITORS WHAT PROTOCOLS ARE BEING USED

10. IP ROUTE • WHAT DOES A C SIGNIFY IN A SHOW IP ROUTE? • DIRECTLY CONNECTED ROUTE • WHAT DOES THE 120 MEAN IN THE FOLLOWING MEAN? • 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] • ADMINISTRATIVE DISTANCE OF RIP • WHAT DOES THE /1 MEAN • METRICS

11. IP ROUTE • WHAT DOES AN R SIGNIFY IN A SHOW IP ROUTE? • RIP ROUTING IS USED • WHAT DOES THE SERIAL 0/0/0 MEAN IN THE FOLLOWING? • 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:19, serial 0/0/0 • THE ROUTER INTERFACE THAT 192.168.4.0 WILL SEND TO

12. SHOW VERSION • WHY DO WE USE SHOW VERSION COMMANDS? • SHOWS THE IOS • DOES IT SHOW INTERFACES THAT ARE ATTACHED? • YES • SO IF YOU DIDN’T PUT THE WIC IN PROPERLY THAT YOU INSTALLED, WOULD IT SHOW UP IN A SHOW VERSION? • NO • IF YOU WANT TO ADD A FOUR-PORT SWITCH MODULE TO A CURRENTLY BEING USED 1841 ROUTER, WHAT SHOULD YOU DO FIRST? • TURN IT OFF

13. SHOW CDP NEIGHBORS DETAIL • WHAT IS SHOW CDP NEIGHBORS DETAIL USED FOR? • SHOWS THE DIRECTLY CONNECTED NEIGHBORS • DOES IT SHOW SWITCHES THAT ARE ATTACHED? • YES • CAN YOU TELL THE SWITCH PORT YOUR ROUTER IS ATTACHED TO ? • YES

14. COPYING IPS FROM A TFTP SERVER • WHAT SHOULD YOU DO BEFORE DOWNLOAD A NEW IOS? • BE SURE YOU ARE CONNECTED • WHAT INFORMATION DO YOU NEED TO KNOW? • FILE NAME AND IP ADDRESS • WHAT DOES mz SIGNIFY IN A IOS NAME ? • FILE FORMAT

15. QUALITY OF SERVICE • WHAT IS QoS? • QUALITY OF SERVICE • WHAT DOES IT DO? • PRIORITIZES NETWORK TRAFFIC • How does QoS help implement a VoIP solution? • REDUCES INTERRUPTIONS IN COMMUNICATION

16. IP PHONES • IS IP TRAFFIC UDP OR TCP? • UDP—SO IT DOESN’T LAG • WHY SHOULD YOU USE VLANs WITH IP TRAFFIC? • TO SEPARATE VOICE FROM DATA TRAFFIC (HELPS WITH PRIORITIZATION) • WHAT IS A VOICE GATEWAY? • ROUTER THAT CONNECTS TRADITONAL ANALOG PHONE TO AN IP NETWORK • IT CONVERTS THE IP PACKETS BETWEEN ANALOG AND DIGITAL

17. ROUTER SECURITY • WHAT CAN YOU DO TO IMPROVE SECURITY ON A ROUTER TO KEEP PEOPLE FROM LOGGING IN WHO SHOULDN’T HAVE ACCESS? • PASSWORDS • SET TIMEOUTS ON VTY, AUX AND CONSOLE PORTS • TURN OFF UNNECESSARY SERVICES

18. FRAME RELAY • WHAT ARE SOME GOOD THINGS ABOUT FRAME RELAY • FLEXIBLE BANDWIDTH • SIMULTANEOUS CONNECTIVITY TO REMOTE SITES • NOT TERRIBLE EXPENSIVE • IF YOUR ROUTER DOESN’T SUPPORT INVERSE ARP, WHAT COMMAND MUST YOU ENTER? • FRAME-RELAY MAP IP COMMAND • FRAME RELAY USES DLCIs, WHAT LAYER ADDRESS IS THIS? • LAYE • THIS NUMBER IS SAID TO BE LOCALLY SIGNIFICANT ONLY…MEANING IT CAN HAVE A DIFFERENT NUMBER ON THE OTHER CONNECTION. WHAT IS IT? • DLCI • HOW DO YOU SET UP 3 SEPARATE POINT-TO-POINT SUBINTERFACES ON A FRAME-RELAY LINK? • DON’T ENTER AN IP FOR THE INTERFACE • ENTER A DIFFERENT IP ADDRESS FOR EACH OF THE SUBINTERFACES

19. PPP • CHAP IS SAID TO BE WHAT KIND OF AUTHENTICATION? • A THREE WAY HANDSHAKE • WHAT USERNAME AND PASSWORD DO YOU USE WITH CHAP? • THE USERNAME AND PASSWORD OF THE ROUTER YOU ARE CONNECTING TO • WHY IS CHAP BETTER THAN PAP? • IT IS A CHALLENGE HANDSHAKE AND THE PASSWORDS ARE NOT PASSED IN CLEAR TEXT • DO BOTH SIDES OF THE SERIAL LINK NEED TO BE USING THE SAME ENCAPSULATION TO WORK? • YES • WHAT IS THE DEFAULT ENCAPSULATION? • HDLC

20. ROUTE SUMMARIZATION IS IT ON BY DEFAULT? YES WHY COULD THAT BE A PROBLEM? COULD SUMMARIZE WHEN YOU DON’T WANT IT TO SUMMARIZE THESE NETWORKS INTO ONE NETWORK 192.168.12.0/24 192.168.13.0/24 192.168.14.0/24 192.168.15.0/24 192.168.12.0/22

21. EIGRP WHAT IS AN ADVANTANGE OF EIGRP? SUPPORTS VLSM AND CIDR CAN DO UNEQUAL COST LOAD BALANCING BETWEEN ROUTERS WHAT DOES IT USE TO MAKE IT’S ROUTE DECISIONS? FASTEST CONNECTION (not hops) SOUNDS LIKE A GREAT ROUTING PROTOCOL. ARE THERE DISADVANTAGES OF USING EIGRP? ONLY WORKS ON CISCO ROUTERS WHAT IS THE VARIANCE 5 COMMAND USED FOR? IT ENABLES UNEQUAL COST LOAD BALANCING ON 5 ROUTES

22. VLSM WHAT IS VLSM? VARIABLE LENGTH SUBNETTING MASK WHAT DOES IT MEAN? EACH DEPARTMENT CAN HAVE IT’S OWN SUBNET FOR HOWEVER MANY COMPUTERS IT NEEDS IN A NETWORK, WHAT MASK WILL GIVE YOU 500 USERS? /23 255.255.254.0 IN A NETWORK, WHAT MASK WILL GIVE YOU 200 USERS? /24 255.255.255.0 WHAT ROUTING PROTOCOLS HANDLE VLSM? RIPV2, OSPF, EIGRP (BUT ONLY ON CISCO ROUTERS)

23. IPv6 WHAT IS IPv6? IPVERSION 6 ALLOWS FOR LONGER ADDRESSES BECAUSE IT USES 128 BIT INSTEAD OF 32 WHAT ARE SOME VALID ADDRESS? FF00::1 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 2031:0:130F::9C0:876A:130B (YOU CAN ONLY USE :: ONCE AND IT IS TO REPLACE ZEROES WHAT TWO PROCESSES WILL ALLOW NETWORK ADMINISTRATORS TO TRANSITION EASILY FROM IPv4 TO IPv6? TUNNELING AND DUAL STACK WHAT DID THE CURRICULUM RECOMMEND YOU USE TO TEST ADDRESSING SCHEMES FOR BOTH IPv4 AND IPv6? NETWORK SIMULATION TOOLS

24. VPN WHAT IS IPv6? IPVERSION 6 ALLOWS FOR LONGER ADDRESSES BECAUSE IT USES 128 BIT INSTEAD OF 32 WHAT ARE SOME VALID ADDRESS? FF00::1 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 2031:0:130F::9C0:876A:130B (YOU CAN ONLY USE :: ONCE AND IT IS TO REPLACE ZEROES WHAT TWO PROCESSES WILL ALLOW NETWORK ADMINISTRATORS TO TRANSITION EASILY FROM IPv4 TO IPv6? TUNNELING AND DUAL STACK

25. MISCELLANEOUS WHAT IS A “FLOATING STATIC ROUTE” STATIC ROUTE THAT HAS AN ad GREATER THAN THE DYNAMIC ROUTER AD WHY WOULD WE HAVE THEM? TO BE USED IF ANOTHER ROUTE GOES DOWN WHAT IS SPLIT TUNNELING USED IN? VPNS WHAT DOES IT DO? ALLOWS USER TRAFFIC ON CORPORATE NETWORK TO USE THE VPN BUT INTERNET TRAFFIC TO USE THE LOCAL LAN