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Gifted Girls. By Cristal Locke. Challenges/Obstacles. Mixed messages that undermine their achievement potential. Influences. At birth environmental cues color coded clothing toy choices Parents encourage particular attributes by gender. Boys - aggression, outgoingness, independence
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Gifted Girls By Cristal Locke Gifted Counseling
Challenges/Obstacles • Mixed messages that undermine their achievement potential. Gifted Counseling
Influences • At birth • environmental cues • color coded clothing • toy choices • Parents encourage particular attributes by gender. • Boys - aggression, outgoingness, independence • girls - passiveness, dependence, and nurturing Gifted Counseling
School Experiences • Gender inequities • The American Association of University Women (AAUW) (1992) reported that girls receive • less teacher attention • less complex • challenging interaction • less constructive feedback • lower mathematical achievement expectations (Hallinan & Sorensen, 1987) Gifted Counseling
Guidance Counselors • Give girls less encouragement • Less information about courses and careers in the sciences (Oakes, 1990) Gifted Counseling
College Textbooks • “Male accomplishment and female invisibility” (Sadker and Sadker, 1994) • “Centuries of recorded history parade before today’s college students, but women continue to make only a rare appearance” (pg. 175). Gifted Counseling
Societal Expectations • Stereotypical female expectations • Stereotypical media images • “Good Girl” as a child • Acceptance includes: • Playing dumb • Hiding intelligence • Silencing voices (Brown & Gilligan, 1992) Gifted Counseling
Andy Capp Gifted Counseling
Lessons Learned • Put others above self • No knowledge of women’s contribution to history • Contribution less valuable • Women paid less • Women’s sports less attention and less funds • “Less value in being female” – boys Gifted Counseling
Effect on Girls • Primary grades – self assured (Rogers & Gilligan 1988) • Adolescence – self doubt • Increases for gifted girls (Howard-Hamilton & Robinson, 1991) Gifted Counseling
Effect on Girls • Failure to achieve in career aspirations? Out of the high percentage of women in college: Undergrads and Grads • 17% architects • 8 % engineers • 27% law school • 15% professors Gifted Counseling
What can be done? • Change negative self-perceptions • Teach gifted girls to question and speak out • Identify strengths and interests • Encourage personality characteristics • Provide counseling Gifted Counseling
What it Feels Like for a Girl • Girl can wear jeans and cut their hair short. Wear shirts and boots. Cuz it’s ok to be a boy. But for a boy to look like a girl is degrading. Because you think that being a girl is degrading. But secretly, you’d love to know what it’s like. Wouldn’t you? What if feels like for a girl. Gifted Counseling
The End Gifted Counseling