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Uploading Dissonance. Overview. YouTube and the US occupation of Iraq – Christensen Propaganda vs. public diplomacy Noopolitik Amateur Photojournalism and the Myth of Media Democracy – Nemanic Grassroots journalism Media democracy—does it exist? Examples
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Overview • YouTube and the US occupation of Iraq – Christensen • Propaganda vs. public diplomacy • Noopolitik • Amateur Photojournalism and the Myth of Media Democracy – Nemanic • Grassroots journalism • Media democracy—does it exist? • Examples • Questions/Areas of exploration
Christensen: YouTube and the US Occupation of Iraq • MNFIRAQ – what is it? • YouTube channel 2007 • US Defense Department • “boots on ground perspective” of war • Sanitized version of war • No profanity, graphic/disturbing content
3 Types of Videos • Street fighting • Surgical warfare • Good deeds
Steetfighting • Typical gun battle scenes • Enemy always initiating contact • US Soldiers defending/ returning fire • Calm & Collected manner • No results or casualties shown
Surgical Warfare • Involves bombing from helicopter or airplane • Destroy selected targets (terrorists, weapons) that posses threat • Very accurate and precise • Again no carnage shown
“Good Deeds” • Christensen – “Feel good material” • Display troops in positive light • Show good relations between citizens & troops • Ex – Shaking hands, playing with kids, laughing
Good deeds? – Opposing Content • Example of propagandistic dissonance • Opposing content makes propaganda difficult • Level of control much more difficult • YouTube decentralized nature • Alternative clips appear side by side
Good deeds? – Apache Kills • Shows high power ammunition • Body part exploded • Shows wounded person • Propaganda relies on censorship • US soldiers uploading own clips disrupts this
Traditional Propaganda • Nazi Germany clip • YouTube, Google Video, didn’t exist • No alternative view • Easier to implement propaganda
Propagandistic Dissonance • Realpolitik and noopolitik • What we see here is noopolitik— • Control over thought • “deliberate, regulated decontrol • Noopolitik may ultimately be about whose story wins 159
In what other ways are we exposed to “noopolitik” propaganda?
Magazines and Advertising • For corporate gain • We’re more sensitive to government propaganda but advertising is just as prominent • Bernays—propaganda vs. public relations, sound familiar?
TV Shows • Glorified view of government organizations
“But in the war over public opinion, video-sharing sites such as YouTube and Google video have, it appears, begun to restructure the balance of story-telling power” • Christensen 173 Has it really?
“Amateur Photojournalism and the Myth of the Media Democracy”
Question for the class Is photojournalism dead?
Yes? Because: • Professional photojournalists push corporate agenda • Biased • Fake/staged images
But Nemanic says No… • Digital Divide • Photojournalism requires education, talent, experience • Professional images= superior quality • Photojournalist more willing to take risks for greater images • Civilian journalism is short lived—edges on sensationalism
Grass roots – “ involving the common people” • Princeton Wordnet • Media democracy • global social movement developed to open up mass media to a range of ideas and diverse voices that are repressed through media ownership • But these are two separate things! • Idea of authenticity
Culture and Citizen Journalism • Audience appropriation and modification of media texts • John Fiske culture—“an active process of generating and circulating meanings and pleasures within the social system” • Audience interests are short lived
Discussion: Is this citizen journalism? Bed Intruder Song – audience appropriation Bed Intruder- original news report
Further questions • Do you agree with Nemanic? • Can citizen and professional journalists work together? • How does/can one complement the other?