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Electric Drives: Enhancing Flow Control and Energy Efficiency in Various Systems

Explore the principles of adjustable speed drives and electromechanics to optimize flow control in pumps, saving energy and improving system performance. Understand the significance of electric drives in wind energy applications and solve practical problems in this dynamic field. Join Professor Wagner on this insightful journey.

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Electric Drives: Enhancing Flow Control and Energy Efficiency in Various Systems

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  1. EE130Electromechanics2013 J. Arthur Wagner, Ph.D. Prof. Emeritus in EE wagneretal@sbcglobal.net

  2. Flow Control • Throttling vs. • Adjustable Speed Drive (ASD)

  3. Fig. 1.2 a Tradional flow control system

  4. Fig. 1.2 b Adjustable speed drive (ASD)-based flow control system Control pump speed to match flow requirement

  5. Electric-motor drive • Adjustable speed drive (ASD) • Power Processing Unit (PPU) • Electric motor drive, motor drive, drive • PPU • Sensor • Controller • (Motor)

  6. Fig. 1.3 Block diagram of an electric drive system

  7. Adjustable Speed Drive (ASD) • Hardware from a home air conditioner (about two large rooms) • Smooth torque pump • AC input • Full wave rectifier • Smart (Intelligent) Power Module (removed) • Three wires to motor • Capacitors • Sensor

  8. Growth of Electric Drives • Fast, cheap DSPs • Efficient and controllable semiconductor switches • Increased switching speeds • Increased voltage • Increased current

  9. List Motors in your everyday experience • Motor application • Type ? • Drive ?

  10. Fig. 1.4 Power and speed range of electric drives

  11. Save Energy in Pumps • Constant speed drive • ASD

  12. Pressure (H) ( H2 + H , Q2 ) A ( H1 , Q1 ) Pump curve at full speed D B C ( H2 , Q2 ) Throttled System Curve Pump curve at reduced speed Pressure across throttling valve, Unthrottled System Curve Q2 Q1 0 Flow Rate (Q) Fig. 1.6 Typical pump and system curves A Full speed pump B Unthrottled System C Throttled System D Reduced speed pump Main point: eliminate the pressure drop across the throttling valve

  13. Electric Drives Significant in Wind Energy • Wind energy probably “better” than photovoltaic (PV). • Advantage? • DC power grid • AC to DC then DC to AC • Making High Voltage DC more attractive for off-shore systems

  14. Fig. 1.8 Electric Drive for Wind generators

  15. Read Problem 1-5 • Cp • Blade pitch angle • Cut-in wind speed = Wind speed, above which, useful power is generated. • Main point: For optimization we want to vary the shaft speed; an ASD allows us to do this.

  16. Coefficient of Performance Cp = Pshaft/Pwind

  17. Solution 1-5

  18. Homework Chapter 1, Due next Tuesday • Problems 1.1 and 1.5

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