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History of Medicine

History of Medicine. Medicine Before the Greeks. A Brief History of Medicine: Doc, I Have an Earache. 2000 BCE: Here, eat this root 1000 BCE: That root is heathen, say this prayer 1850 CE: Prayer is superstition, drink this potion 1930 CE: That potion is snake oil, swallow this pill

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History of Medicine

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  1. History of Medicine Medicine Before the Greeks

  2. A Brief History of Medicine: Doc, I Have an Earache 2000 BCE: Here, eat this root 1000 BCE: That root is heathen, say this prayer 1850 CE: Prayer is superstition, drink this potion 1930 CE: That potion is snake oil, swallow this pill 1970 CE: That pill is ineffective, take this antibiotic 2000 CE: That antibiotic is artificial, eat this root

  3. Course Themes • Medical history of humanity • How medical history has changed • History of health professions • Interconnections between medicine and society

  4. Prehistoric Evidence of Disease States • Primarily skeletal • Interpretation of findings must be done with care

  5. Degenerative Changes • Osteoarthritis

  6. Developmental Deformities • Clubfoot

  7. Developmental Deformities • Dwarfism

  8. Infections • Leprosy

  9. Infections • Syphilis

  10. Neoplasms • Bone Cancer

  11. Injuries • Skull fracture

  12. Deficiency Diseases • Rickets

  13. Surgery • Trephination

  14. Transition to Agricultural Lifestyle • Transformation in human medical history • Increased risk of infections • Crowding • Increased exposure to animals • Increased production of waste • Attraction for rodents, insects

  15. New Infectious Diseases • Tuberculosis • Measles • Common cold • Polio • Salmonella

  16. Rise of Cities • Increased crowding • Advent of crowd diseases • Importation of disease along trade routes

  17. Increased Social Stratification • Scribes and officials • Healers • Differential impacts on health related to socio-economic status

  18. Evidence About Human Health from Artifacts • Written documents • Papyri (Egypt) • Clay tablets (Mesopotamia)

  19. Mummies • Smallpox identified in the mummy of Ramses II

  20. Statues • Tuberculosis depicted in a statuette

  21. Carvings • Depiction of an individual who had contracted ? Polio in a relief carving

  22. Carvings • Circumcision depicted in relief carving

  23. Early Greek Medicine • Homer • Asclepius • Rise of temples devoted to health

  24. General Insights into Medicinein the Ancient World • Well developed skills • Not based on theory as we understand it • Seamless integration of medicine, magic, & religion • Transmission of knowledge between generations of practitioners

  25. What’s Missing?

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