Chemical Hygiene Training

1. Chemical Hygiene Training Presented by the ECU Office of Environmental Health and Safety

2. ECU Chemical Hygiene PlanUpdated 2016 • Scope • Responsibilities • Training • Standard Operating Procedures • Chemical Management • Medical Consultation

3. OSHA Hazard Communication Standard 2012 • Major changes include: • Hazard Classification • Labels • Safety Data Sheets • Information and Training

4. Responsibilities Chancellor, Vice Chancellors, Deans, and Department Heads • Maintain responsibility for financial, political and planning support to assure resources are available to implement safety procedures in the labs. Environmental Safety Committee • Composed of representatives of the faculty and staff who use or serve the labs. • Reviews the Chemical Hygiene Plan as needed and assists in its implementation.

5. EH&S Responsibilities • Review the ECU Chemical Hygiene Plan Annually • Provide initial lab safety training • Maintain the master chemical inventory • Assist with locating Safety Data Sheets • Provide monitoring where chemical exposure is suspected or as required by regulation • Inspect labs and chemical fume hoods at least annually • Coordinate medical surveillance and follow-up medical care • Review lab safety plans for grant and research work • Coordinate removal and proper disposal of hazardous waste • Biohazard and Radioactive waste is disposed through Prospective Health

6. Responsibilities Principal Investigator/Lab Supervisor • Keep a current copy of the CHP and assure lab personnel comply with the CHP • Create lab safety plans to supplement • Train or arrange for training of lab workers • Maintain training records • Secure hazardous materials when not in use • Correct deficiencies identified on inspection report and forward action plan to EH&S • Assure all primary and secondary containers are properly labeled and stored according to compatibility • Maintain a current chemical inventory and forward a copy to EH&S annually • Assure that engineering controls are functioning properly or tagged out of service • Assure interim inspections are completed

7. Responsibilities Principal Investigator/Lab Supervisor • Arrange for monitoring when required by a specific standard, exposure is anticipated or suspected • Arrange for medical surveillance where required through EH&S • Determine lab specific Personal Protective Equipment needs, document on lab safety plan and forward to EH&S • Provide necessary Personal Protective Equipment at no charge to employees • Submit all grants involving the use of hazardous chemicals to EH&S for review • Post designated use areas for any carcinogen, reproductive toxin or acutely toxic chemical used in the lab. Document in lab safety plans and include in lab specific training • Ensure the availability of an SDS for each chemical listed on the lab chemical inventory; Archive old MSDS

8. Responsibilities Principal Investigator/Lab Supervisor • Collect, store and dispose of chemical waste properly through the ECU hazardous waste disposal system • Initiate medical services and follow-up of any exposure incident in the lab through EH&S • Post and maintain a current emergency information near the phone and on the door of the lab • Contact EH&S for lab start-up instructions and inspection prior to beginning work in the lab • Complete lab close-out process when leaving the University and schedule final inspection with EH&S • Include chemical hygiene and lab safety compliance in employee annual work plans for performance review • Implement and enforce the use of safety procedures, including personal protective equipment, engineering controls, or work practices

9. Responsibilities Lab User • Read and follow the guidelines in the Chemical Hygiene Plan and your Lab Safety Plans • Participate in initial and refresher training • Do not remove or deface labels on chemical containers • Immediately label secondary containers • Use prudent practices and prescribed hazard control measures • Report accidents or hazardous conditions to your Lab Supervisor • Request training when unsure about a procedure or material • Use the resources available to access chemical information • Perform only authorized work, preparations and experiments in the lab

10. Responsibilities Open/Shared Lab User • Identify the individual to serve as lab representative/person of contact. • Identify responsibility for benches and storage areas. • All laboratory users must receive lab specific training that includes all lab safety plans, chemical storage and hazardous waste areas. • Identify and train all laboratory users regarding procedures for shared chemicals and equipment. • Maintain chemical storage and labeling requirements. • Maintain good housekeeping and personal diligence to prevent exposures and contamination. • Immediately report any hazardous condition to the immediate supervisor and/or lab representative. • Maintain responsibilities and requirements as listed in the CHP based on user status.

11. Training • Chemical Hygiene/Lab Safety Training is required for each new individual before beginning work in the lab. • CHP is reviewed annually, with program revision every 3 years that requires retraining. • Laboratory Specific Training • Provided by lab supervisor • Includes content of lab safety plans • Document and keep on file for review

12. Provided Information • Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories (OSHA Lab Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1450) • ECU Chemical Hygiene Plan • Permissible Exposure Limits for OSHA regulated substances, or recommended exposure levels for other hazardous chemicals where there is no applicable standard • Signs/Symptoms associated with exposures • Known Reference Materials on hazards, safe handling, storage and disposal Information located on container labels, SDS’s, EH&S website

13. Types Of Hazards • CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL HAZARDS – EH&S • RADIATION AND BIOLOGICAL SAFETY –Prospective Health • EMPLOYEE HEALTH –Prospective Health • ANIMAL HANDLING –Comparative Medicine

14. Types Of Chemical Hazards Health Hazards Physical Hazards • Acute Toxicity • Carcinogenicity • Reproductive Toxicity • Skin Corrosion/Irritation • Respiratory or Skin Sensitization • Aspiration Toxicity • Target Organ Systemic Toxicity • Explosive • Flammable • Gases Under Pressure • Pyrophoric • Self-Reactive • Water Reactive • Oxidizer • Organic Peroxide • Corrosive to Metals • Hazardous to Aquatic Environment

15. Effects Of Exposure • ACUTE - direct threat that shows up almost immediately after exposure such as burns from contact with a corrosive chemical • CHRONIC - usually result from repeated exposure that occurs over months or years and includes cancer and some allergic reactions

16. Routes Of Exposure • INHALATION • ABSORPTION • INGESTION • INJECTION The most likely target depends upon the characteristics of the material being used.

17. ROUTES OF EXPOSUREINHALATION • Primary Route of Entry • Airborne contaminants such as gases, vapors and particulate matter that enter directly into lungs. • Chemical fume hood is the primary control available. • Respiratory protection or specialized exhaust may be necessary where a fume hood cannot be used.

18. ROUTES OF EXPOSUREABSORPTION • Can occur very quickly through cuts or abrasions on the skin. • Depending on the characteristics of the contaminant, absorption may occur through intact skin (example: phenol) • Mucous membranes and eye tissue are particularly vulnerable • Barrier protection (such as gloves) and personal hygiene are the primary control measures.

19. ROUTES OF EXPOSUREINGESTION • Includes direct tasting of chemicals. • More often occurs when contaminated items are placed in the mouth. • Purpose for banning food, drink, tobacco, and cosmetics in the lab. • Personal hygiene, labeling and housekeeping are very important to ingestion hazard control.

20. ROUTES OF EXPOSUREINJECTION • Includes all puncture wounds. • Examples: needle sticks, glass shards or capillary tubes puncturing skin • Difficult to protect against • Use carefully planned procedures and personal diligence, including needle blocks.

21. Standard Operating Procedures • Personal Protection • Laboratory Practice • Personal Safety • Laboratory Controls • Lab Specific Information Should Be Identified in Lab Safety Plans Available on EH&S website

22. Eye Protection • All lab users, including visitors, must wear ANSI approved eye protection when potential exists for eye injury • Contacts may be worn in the lab under appropriate eye protection • Face shields and/or standing guards must be available for face or neck protection. Face shields do not replace the need for eye protection

23. Protective Clothing • Closed toed shoes of non-woven material with non-slip soles • Clothing that covers arms and legs, NO SHORTS • Lab coats with closed fasteners • Non-flammable, non-porous aprons when using corrosives • Remove before leaving the lab • Launder separately

24. Gloves • Compatible with materials used • Remove gloves and wash hands before leaving • Inspect before use • Clean or discard immediately after use • Do not use latex gloves for chemical protection

25. Respiratory Protection • Use approved through EH&S • Must be part of the ECU Respiratory Protection Program • Medical Clearance • Training • Annual Fit Test • Respirators returned to EH&S when project is complete

26. Personal Hygiene • No Food or Beverages • No Smoking • Do Not Apply Cosmetics • Do Not Consume Lab Ice or Deionized Water • Wash Hands/Arms Before Leaving Lab • Never Pipette by Mouth • Do Not Smell or Taste Chemicals • Constrain Long Hair/Loose Clothing

27. Transporting Chemicals • Cap All Containers • Tightly Sealed, Inside Secondary Containment • Use Freight Elevator • Ground Metal Containers When Dispensing Flammable Liquids Do not remove chemical containers from University buildings

28. Shipping Hazardous Materials • Must comply with DOT and IATA (International Air Transport Association) regulations • Personnel who directly affect hazardous material transportation must receive general awareness, function-specific, safety and security awareness training. • Covered activities include: • Loading/unloading hazardous materials • Preparing hazardous materials for shipment (Packaging/labeling) • Shipping specimens/samples in dry ice, liquid nitrogen or other hazardous preservative • Training is provided by Prospective Health and must be taken every 2 years. • Researchers coming to or leaving the university must not bring or take any chemicals, biologicals or radioactive materials.

29. Shipping Hazardous Materials • Security plans and additional in-depth security training are required when shipping certain types or quantities of hazardous materials. • Noncompliance can result in significant fines and penalties for the individual and the University • For additional information or questions regarding hazardous material transportation and security, please contact: • Biological/Infectious Materials: Prospective Health/Biological Safety • Radioactive Materials: Prospective Health/Radiation Safety • Chemicals: Environmental Health

30. Hazardous Material Security AwarenessSecurity Risks • Hazardous materials are essential products to conduct research but in the wrong hands can also pose a threat to security. • All hazardous materials are potential targets for sabotage and theft but of particular concern are flammables, explosives, corrosives, reactive substances, toxic substances, radioactive materials and infectious agents. • Measures must be taken to secure hazardous materials and recognize/respond to security threats.

31. Hazardous Material Security AwarenessMeasures to Enhance Security • Identify and assess vulnerabilities • Share information only on a need-to-know basis. • Someone you hire may pose a security risk. Conduct thorough background checks. • Maintain updated and accurate inventories. • Conduct regular inspections and report missing material. • Secure hazardous materials in appropriate cabinets. • Lock doors and limit access to authorized personnel.

32. Hazardous Material Security AwarenessRecognition/Response to Security Risks • Be aware of surroundings and report suspicious activity. • Do not stereotype a terrorist or potential perpetrator. Individuals may not fit preconceived picture of a criminal. • Most terrorist threats are external but could also include internal threats such as disgruntled employees. • Take all threats seriously and report them to your supervisor and ECU Police.

33. New Labels from Manufacturer • Labels are required to have: • Product Identifier • Supplier Information • Signal Words • Pictograms • Hazard Statement • Precautionary Statement

34. New Labels from Manufacturer Signal Word • Used to indicate the relative severity of the hazard • Alert reader to a potential hazard on the label • “Danger”: more severe hazards • “Warning”: less severe hazards

35. New Labels from Manufacturer Pictogram • Each pictogram consists of a symbol on a white background framed within a red border and represents a distinct hazard. • The pictogram on the label is determined by the chemical hazard classification. • Nine total pictograms. Eight mandatory pictograms are designated.

37. New Labels from Manufacturer Hazard Statement • Describes the nature and degree of the hazards of a chemical • Examples: • Fatal if swallowed (Signal Word: Danger) • Harmful if swallowed (Signal Word: Warning)

38. New Labels from Manufacturer Precautionary Statement • Describes recommended measures to prevent and minimize adverse effects from exposure or improper handling and storage • Address the following areas: • Prevention • Response • Storage • Disposal • Examples: • Keep container tightly closed. • Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame.

40. Chemical Labels • Maintain Labels on Incoming Containers • Replace Torn or Defaced Labels • Label Secondary Containers Immediately • Label Content for Secondary Containers • Name of Hazardous Chemical • Hazard Warning • Name of Responsible Party • Date of Preparation * Expiration date for peroxide formers

41. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) (previously MSDS) • 1. Identification • 2. Hazard Identification • 3. Composition/Information on Ingredients • 4. First Aid Measures • 5. Fire Fighting Measures • 6. Accidental Release Measures • 7. Handling and Storage • 8. Exposure Control/PPE • 9. Physical and Chemical Properties • 10. Stability and Reactivity • 11. Toxicological Info • 12. Ecological Info • 13. Disposal Consideration • 14. Transport Info • 15. Regulatory Info • 16. Other Info Must be readily accessible to lab users at all time.

42. Product XYZ

43. Chemical Purchase • Choose the Least Hazardous • Purchase the Smallest Quantity • Order only what you will use for the semester/year • Check EH&S web page for surplus chemicals you can access for free in the RECY-CHEM program • Chemical purchases with personal funds are prohibited

44. RECY-CHEM • Program which receives and distributes FREE chemicals to investigators • Chemicals have not been opened or used may be added to the RECY-CHEM program • EH&S will determine chemical viability, add to the list and announce availability on the website • Call EH&S for delivery of FREE chemicals

45. Chemical Storage • Choose the Least Hazardous Material • Chemical inventory must correspond with written lab manual and lab safety plans • Minimize Storage • Order only what you will use for the semester/year • Arrange for disposal of old, expired, or chemicals with no documented use • Be aware of shelf life and expiration dates

46. Chemical Storage • Store Chemicals in Compatible Groups • Flammables, Corrosives, Toxics, etc. • Separate Groups with Barriers • Compatible container capable of holding the contents of the two largest containers • Flammables Cabinets >10 Gal. • Refrigerators/freezers for storage of flammables must be rated as such • Closed Cabinets or ¾ “Lip • Liquids, Corrosives, Flammables must be stored below eye level • Clean spills immediately

47. Housekeeping • Keep Chemical Use Areas (Countertops) Free From Contamination • Close/Cap All Containers Not in Use • Clean Drips and Spillage Off of Container Exterior • Maintain the Minimum on the Work Surface • Maintain Clear Working Aisles • Maintain Clear Access to Fire Extinguishers, Safety Showers and Eyewashes • Label Doors that Are Blocked • Keep Storage Off of the Floor and Out of the Halls

48. Compressed Gas Cylinders • Installed and Leak Tested by Trained Lab Personnel • Secured in an Upright Position with 2 chains • Capped When Not In Use • Use Compatible Regulator and Auxiliary Equipment • Fully Labeled with Content and Status

49. Laboratory Access • No children allowed • Accompany all visitors and provide necessary training • Health Sciences Campus: Visitor’s Policy • East Campus: Department Chair approval • Lock lab doors when unoccupied • Lab staff that are or might be pregnant should consult their personal physician and provide them with a copy of their lab’s chemical inventory and lab safety plans • Administrative, clerical and other non-lab personnel may not maintain workstations in a lab

50. Personal Safety • Do not remove lab equipment and chemical containers from University buildings • Chemical moves between buildings must be coordinated with EH&S • No horseplay • Limit lab work after business hours • Don’t work alone without supervisor’s permission and a safety plan • Unattended operations require • Permission • Fail-safe Plan • Emergency Instructions • Lights On