Chemical Hygiene and Lab Safety Training Program

1. Chemical Hygiene and Lab Safety Training Program

2. Lab accidents • UCLA • Texas Tech

3. Lab accidents and universites • Since 2001, more than 120 university lab accidents have caused injuries, millions of dollars in damages, and one death, according to the federal Chemical Safety & Hazard Investigation Board (CSB). • Based on 2010 OSHA personal injury rate data, it’s about seven times safer to work in a Dow laboratory than a university or college laboratory

4. Chemical Hygiene Plan Training Objectives • Reduce number of lab accidents • Achieve OSHA compliance

6. General Awareness Session • Chemical Hygiene Plan • Understanding SDSs

7. Training Overview • Purpose and Policy and Responsibilities • Hazardous Chemicals on Campus • Labeling, Storage, and Disposal • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) • Information and Training • Emergency Procedures and Control Measures • Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) • Exposure Monitoring and Medical Attention

8. Training shall occur: • Before personnel are assigned to laboratory • Prior to new tasks involving hazardous chemicals

9. This Chemical Hygiene Plan Training is not designed to: • Satisfy all required elements of the Lab Standard • Provide detailed safety training

10. YSU Chemical Hygiene Plan

11. Purpose and Policy • Purpose: • Ensure that the hazards are evaluated • Convey information to employees • Policy: • You are entitled to a safe and healthy place to work, and • Have a right to know what you may be exposed to and how to protect yourself

12. Employer Responsibilities • Develop and implement a written Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) • Inventory all hazardous materials on campus and acquire all necessary Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) • Identify hazards by labeling chemicals using MSDSs • Train employees on physical and health hazards and protective measures • Provide medical monitoring for employees

13. Employee Responsibilities • Follow all procedures and policies relating to chemicals and follow appropriate laboratory procedures and rules as outlined in the Chemical Hygiene Plan • Refrain from operations without proper instruction and/or authorization • Seek out and request information • Wear appropriate protective equipment • Report accidents and near-misses immediately, even minor injuries or exposures

14. Administrative Controls • Assign a Chemical Hygiene Officer • Manager of Environmental Health and Safety • Ensure lab supervisors know their responsibilities under the Chemical Hygiene Plan

15. Operational Controls • Generic Standard Operating Procedures • Specific Standard Operating Procedures

16. Generic Standard Operating Procedures • Developed by the Chemistry Department • Included in the Chemical Hygiene Plan: • Chemical storage • Using compressed gases • Emergency response

17. SOP’s • General Waste Disposal Procedures • Disposal of Empty Chemical Containers • Disposal of Laboratory Glass Waste •  Dispensing Liquid Nitrogen •  Spot Check of Air Flow in Fume Hoods • Spill Response • SOP Transporting Chemicals • Methylene Chloride SOP • Peroxide Forming Chemicals • Gas Cylinder Usage • Lab Signage • Safety Data Sheets • Emergencies

18. Specific Standard Operating Procedures • Lab employees write them • Specific to each experimental procedure • No required format • Required content: • Hazard controls • Personal protective equipment • Health & safety information • Decontamination & waste disposal procedures

19. Engineering Controls • Fume Hoods • Biosafety Cabinets • Substitution

20. “Other” Control Measures • Protective Equipment • Respirators, goggles, gloves, lab coats • Safety Equipment • Safety showers, eyewashes, fire extinguishers, first aid kits, explosion-proof refrigerators • Laboratory Maintenance and Inspection • Safety inspections, fume hood condition, chemical storage, spill kits, etc.

21. Regulated Waste Management • Wastes Considered • Non-Hazardous • Hazardous • Liquid Industrial • Universal

22. Hazardous Chemical Inventories An inventory of hazardous chemicals is kept for each lab

23. Hazardous Chemicals Locations On Campus May Include:

24. Corrosives - Nitric Acid Oxidizers - Silver Nitrate General Organic Compounds - Aniline Caustics - Calcium Oxide Reactive Metals - Sodium Explosive Anhydrides and Anhydrous Compounds - Sodium Peroxide Ketones - Acetone Poisons - Potassium Cyanide General Inorganic Compounds - Calcium Carbide Flammable Metals - Magnesium Flammables - Ethanol, Butanol, Ethyl Ether Carcinogens - Formaldehyde Hazardous Chemicals In Laboratories May Consist Of:

25. Labels - Basics • Identity of the hazardous chemical(s) • Appropriate hazard warnings • Name, address, and emergency telephone number of the chemical manufacturer or other responsible party

26. Labels - Other Information • Appropriate protective equipment • Carcinogenicity warning if applicable • Signal word - Danger!, Warning!, or Caution! • Statement of hazard • Instructions in case of contact or exposure • First-Aid or antidote • Instructions in case of fire, spill, or leak • Instructions for container handling and storage • Never remove label, and if transferred to a secondary container, label it with appropriate information - chemical name, etc.

27. HMIS Label - Example Secondary Labeling System

28. Globally Harmonized System

29. Routes of Exposure • Inhalation - Most common route of exposure, lungs are designed for maximum transport and adsorption of vapors, large surface area (1000 sf) • Dermal – Second most common route of exposure, lipid (pass with greater ease) and water soluble chemicals can pass through the skin. Has 20 sf surface area.

30. Routes of Exposure • Ingestion – can occur through food contamination, eating drinking in lab, poor hygiene, mucociliary transport of vapors trapped in upper air ways, • Injection – Can occur through injury and needle sticks

31. HMIS Label - Example Secondary Labeling System CARCINOGEN

32. Labels- Symbols and Pictures

33. Labels - Example

34. Safety Data Sheets (SDS’s) • Chemical document put out by manufacturer detailing physical and health hazards • One for every hazardous chemical on campus • Master file located inEHS Dept. • Review before working with any chemical

35. Information on MSDSs • Identity and date of preparation • Manufacturer’s name, address, and telephone number • Hazardous ingredients • Physical and chemical properties - flash pt., appearance and odor, etc.

36. Information on SDS’s • Control measures • Physical hazards • Routes of entry into body • Acute and chronic health effects • Carcinogenicity • Handling and storage precautions

37. Chemical Sensitivities • Many hazardous chemicals are used in the workplace • Immune responses can vary among individuals • Low-dose exposures over longer periods of time can alter function of immune system

38. Chemical Sensitivities • Effects may develop slowly • Symptoms may include Multiple Chemical Sensitivities, Contact Dermatitis • Examples include – nickel compounds, amines, epoxides, some organic solvents

39. Protective Measures • Routes of entry • Inhalation • Ingestion • Skin or eye contact, and/or absorption • Exposure = Dose x Duration

40. Protective Measures • Avoid Inhalation • Use proper ventilation (Fume Hood) • Use respiratory protection (Respirator) • Check MSDS for specific requirements

41. Protective Measures • Prevent Ingestion • NO eating, drinking, smoking, or applying cosmetics in labs • Wash hands frequently • Label everything • Read labels and SDS’s • Wear your lab coat • Don’t work alone

42. Protective Measures • Prevent Skin or Eye Contact • Wear protective equipment • Minimize the area of exposed skin

43. Protective Measures - Review • Avoid Inhalation • Use proper ventilation • Use respiratory protection when needed • Prevent Ingestion • No eating, drinking, smoking, or apply cosmetics in labs • Wash hands frequently

44. Protective Measures - Review • Prevent Skin or Eye Contact • Wear protective equipment • Minimize the area of exposed skin

45. Handle With Caution • Use cautious approach • Read labels, follow their directions • Think about consequences • Treat all substances as if they are hazardous • Practice good chemical hygiene

46. Emergency Procedures Chemical Spills (Appendix A – CHP) • Evacuate and call Police at911 for larger spill (>5-gallons) situations • Treat life threatening injuries immediately • Contain the spill - read SDS • Wear protective equipment during clean-up • Best response is preparation

47. Emergency ProceduresPersonal Contamination • Flush contaminated area with water • Remove contaminated clothing • Rinse with water for 15 minutes • Seek medical attention if irritation persists

48. Emergency ProceduresChemical in the Eye(s) • Flush eyeballs and inner eyelids • Forcibly hold eyes open • Irrigate for at least 15 minutes • Seek medical attention immediately

49. Industrial research labs • Industrial labs are nice and neat • There is quite a bit of chemistry going on there • Companies live and breath lab safety • Companies won’t fire employees if their science fails, but the employees who don’t work safely will be fired • Companies are beginning to ask questions about safety in interviews

50. Power cords and electrical wiring. Easily damaged, invisible damage.