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Warm up

This article discusses the various roles played by George Washington in US history, including his contributions to the signing of the Constitution, the establishment of a stable economy, and his leadership as the first President of the United States.

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Warm up

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  1. Warm up What 2 major Roles has George Washington Played Thus far in US History? Write the Following quote and Tell me what it is talking about…. “We have this day no less than 2,873 men in camp, unfit for duty because they are barefooted and otherwise naked.” ~George Washington

  2. Beginnings ofAmerican Government • Flour Bluff JH • U.S. History 2014-15 • K. PoormanA. JensenD. Clow • The Signing of the Constitution

  3. The Constitution expanded the dimensions of American political life. Previously, voters had elected only local and state officials. Now, they were choosing national leaders as well.

  4. Has never happened since! • The election of 1788was our first presidential election. The Federalistswon 44 seatsin the firstHouse of Representatives.Only eightAnti-Federalistswere elected.

  5. A promise kept. The Federalists kept their promise to add a declarationof rights to the Constitution. Rep. James Madison wrotea list of 19 amendments. The Senate trimmed it to 12, and 10 were ratifiedby the states in 1791. • James Madison (actual size) …jk

  6. A promise kept. These 10 amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, safeguard fundamental individual rights, including freedom of speech and religion, and guarantee certain legal proceduresthat protect citizens. • The Bill of Rights

  7. A promise kept. By easing Anti-Federalists’ concerns about an oppressive national government, the amendments secured the legitimacy of the Constitution. • www.davegranlund.com

  8. The top two vote-getters. The Electoral College unanimously selectedGeorge Washingtonas President. John Adamscame in second,so he was appointedVice President. • Inauguration button

  9. From military savior to political father. • Washington was a man with great personal dignity.

  10. Setting examples for posterity He was cautious, recognizing that he would be setting precedentsfor his successors.Whatever Washington did,he would be the first President to do it.Here are some examples:

  11. 1. Defining the authority of the central government. 1789-1797 The PREZ (left), with… Henry Knox (the war guy) Alexander Hamilton (the money guy) Thomas Jefferson (the foreign affairs guy) Edmund Randolph (the law guy) The Constitution doesn’t say the President can forma cabinet – a group of experts in their fields –to help him make decisions, but he did.

  12. 1. Defining the authority of the central government. The Constitution said thatthe president neededthe Senate’s consent to appoint major officials.However, Washington insisted that only he, not the Senate, could remove them, ensuring the president’s controlover the executive branch. 1789-1797

  13. 2. National Security 1789-1797 In 1794, when Pennsylvania farmers rebelledagainst a tax on whiskey, the President himselfgot on a horse and led federal troops out thereto take care of business.

  14. 3. Setting up the court system. 1789-1797 Article III of the Constitution doesn’t go into detail beyond saying that there will be a Supreme Court. So Congress had to come up with the rest – including how many justices would be on the court and the creation of all the lower federal courts across the country.

  15. 3. Setting up the court system. Because Federalists wanted strong national institutions, they enacted the far-reaching Judiciary Act of 1789. 1789-1797

  16. 3. Setting up the court system. The act established a federal district court in each state and provided circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts, with the Supreme Court having the final say. 1789-1797

  17. 3. Setting up the court system. 1789-1797 The Judiciary Act assuredthat national judgeswould have the final sayregarding constitutional law.

  18. 4. Creating a stable economy. 1789-1797 The young countryhad a lot of debtsfrom the Revolutionary War. Treasury Secretary Hamilton(GW’s “money guy”) had a plan.But a lot of people didn’t like it.

  19. 4. Creating a stable economy. 1789-1797 Hamilton thought we should createa national bank that would… • take on all the debtsof all the states • lend the government money • hold the government’s deposits • issue paper currency • establish credit with foreign nationsto promote industry and business.

  20. 4. Creating a stable economy. 1789-1797 Hamilton cited part of the Constitution known as the (wait for it) … “elastic clause” that says Congress can do all things“necessary and proper”to carry out its assigned duties.

  21. 4. Creating a stable economy. 1789-1797 So, if the Constitution says it’s totally cool for the federal government to issue taxes and maintain an army, then it should be totally coolto create a national bankto accomplish those things.

  22. Hamilton vs. Jefferson 1789-1797 These two cabinet members had often disagreed about the role of government and formed the first two political parties.

  23. Hamilton vs. Jefferson 1789-1797 Hamilton believedin a strong central government. His party was knownas the Federalists.

  24. Hamilton vs. Jefferson 1789-1797 • Jefferson feared a strong central government (he had written a pretty famous letter to break up with one!). • His party was known as the Democratic-Republicans(or just “Republicans”).

  25. Hold up. What’s a “tariff?” 1789-1797 Congress put a taxon European imports,making them more expensive than American goods. A tariff is a tax on imports. This encouraged Americans to

  26. Hold up. What’s a “tariff?” 1789-1797 • Tariffs helped the NORTHERN economy,because America’s manufacturers werein the North. (So the Federalists liked it). • Tariffs hurt the SOUTHERN economy,because Southerners did a lot of tradewith England and relied heavily on its imports.(So the Democratic-Republicans hated it).

  27. Hold up. What’s a “tariff?” 1789-1797

  28. I smell another compromise! 1789-1797

  29. I smell another compromise! Jefferson and his crewagreed to support the national bank’s assumption of all state debts. 1789-1797 • Hamilton and his crewagreed to allow the newnational capitalto be built in the South. Do kids still say “crew” anymore? Or “posse?” Wait, it’s “squad” now, isn’t it?

  30. Washington’s Farewell Address 1789-1797 When he decided he’d had enough (two terms),Washington said goodbye. But he gave us two warnings: 1. Stay away from foreign alliances. Let Britain and France fight. Don’t pick a side. In fact, stay neutral whenever possible.(This became U.S. policy for many, many years).

  31. Washington’s Farewell Address 1789-1797 When he decided he’d had enough (two terms),Washington said goodbye. But he gave us two warnings: 1. Don’t formpolitical parties. (This… umm… well, we completely ignored this one. Hasta la vista, George.Enjoy your vineyards.)

  32. The End Vocabulary review: If you set a precedent, what are you doing? What is the president’s cabinet? What is a tariff? What does it mean to be neutral?

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