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The German Tolling Prospects

The German Tolling Prospects. Edith Buss Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs. Legal Framework. Coalition agreement of October 1998 “ For the purpose of a fair allocation of infrastructure costs, the time-related motorway user charge for lorries will be

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The German Tolling Prospects

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  1. The German Tolling Prospects Edith Buss Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs

  2. Legal Framework • Coalition agreement of October 1998 “For the purpose of a fair allocation of infrastructure costs, the time-related motorway user charge for lorries will be replaced as early as possible with an electronic fee collection system based on the vehicle mileage. This will also contribute to shifting a certain percentage of goods carried to rail and waterway transport.” • 12 April 2002: Motorway toll act enters into law • HGVs with a maximum permissible weight of 12 t or more • Charges based on the exact number of kilometers driven • Non discrimination: Automatic and manual booking • Toll rates according to number of axles and emission categories: 9-14 cents/km • Earmarking of revenue • 1 January 2005 • Tolling started on the Federal motorways

  3. Objectives • To introduce infrastructure charging based on the “user pays” principle • To secure funding for the further upgrading and maintenance of transport infrastructures • To provide an incentive to shift freight traffic to the rail and waterway modes, in the interests of the environment, and to deploy HGVs more efficiently • To promote innovative technologies

  4. Infrastructure • Germany  One operator - 12,000 km - 2,200 motorway junctions - 250 motorway intersections  HGVs subject to tolls - approx. 1.5 million HGVs - approx. 35 % foreign HGVs Mileage subject to tolls - approx. 22.7 bn km per year - approx. 35 % by foreign HGVs Comparison with ASECAP (2005) - 16 European countries - 126 operators - 24,600 km

  5. From Infrastructure Costs to Tolls Total costs for motorways: € 7.5 bn Costs imposed by HGVs on motorways: € 3.4 bn Pro rata HGV mileage: 22.7 bn km Average toll rate: 15 cents/km To reduce burden on hauliers by € 600 million: Average toll rate: 12.4 cents/km Pricing by axles and emission classes: 9 -14 cents/km

  6. System structure Automatic tolling Manual booking GPS Internet Terminal Toll Collect data processing centre @ HGV on-board unit GSM Toll revenue invoicing and remuneration, toll recovery and fines Satellite positioning via GPS, data transmission via mobile communications network Federal Office for Goods Transport

  7. On-Board-Units (1/2)

  8. On-Board-Units (2/2) Internet Terminal OBU 90 % 10 %

  9. Toll revenue (1/2) • 2005: • € 2.86 billion (gross) • 2006: • € 3.08 billion (gross)

  10. Integrated Transport Policy Toll revenue is used to improve transport infrastructure • 50 % for road infrastructure • 38 % for railways • 12 % for waterways

  11. Enforcement (1/2) • Effective enforcement by means of spot checks • Four different types of spot check • Automatic checks backed up by video • Stationary checks following automatic checks • Mobile checks • Checks on the premises of German haulage companies

  12. Enforcement (2/2) • Results of checks • Spot checks 10 % of trips • Violations below 2 % (original estimate: 5 %) • Fines up to € 20,000 • Fines for first offenders: • Haulier (intentional offense) € 400 • Haulier (negligence) € 200 • Driver half the company fine in each case

  13. Effects of the Tolls • For the first time the proportion of empty long-distance journeys fell under 10 % • Number of empty kilometres in own-account operations fell by 7 %, which was higher than the fall in loaded kilometres (4 %) • Number of containers carried by train within 5 month approx. 7 % higher than in the same period of 2005 • Share of cleaner vehicles rose

  14. One Onboard-Unit, one contract Interoperability and European Transport Policy (1/2) Directive 2004/52/EC on interoperability of electronic road toll systems Objectives • Appropriate level of interoperability at the European level • One single OBU, one single contract, one billing • Implementation of an European electronic toll service Technologies • Satellite positioning • Mobile communication using the GSM-GPRS standard • 5,8 GHz microwave technology • Recommendation for satellite positioning and mobile communication Underline importance of the GALILEO European satellite navigation system

  15. Interoperability and European Transport Policy (2/2) • Interoperability with neighbour countries • German toll system has an interface for DSRC systems • Basis for interoperability with DSRC systems • Interoperability with Austria • German OBU will be able to levy tolls in Austria • First time interoperability between microwave und satellite based technology

  16. Prospects • HGV tolling: it is the key project in the reform of transport policy • Largest PPP project in Germany • HGV tolling means changeover to “user pays” principle • Toll Collect is competitive and a world leader in tolling technology • Support to industry in marketing • Great international interest (Europe, China, Russia, USA) • The stage has been set for intelligent traffic management systems: • Variation according to place and time of day • Value added services

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