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Geothermal Energy

Geothermal Energy. Craig E. Tyner Manager, Geothermal Research Department. Albuquerque, NM 87185-1033 cetyner@sandia.gov 1-505-844-3340. The Geothermal Resource. Power Generation. Direct use (heating). Any location can provide energy if we drill deep enough….

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Geothermal Energy

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  1. Geothermal Energy Craig E. Tyner Manager, Geothermal Research Department Albuquerque, NM 87185-1033 cetyner@sandia.gov 1-505-844-3340

  2. The Geothermal Resource Power Generation Direct use (heating) • Any location can provide energy if we drill deep enough… • The trick is finding the right combination of heat, water, and permeability …at reasonable depths

  3. Hydrothermal Systems …making geothermal one of the largest renewable energy sources in the market today • At existing geothermal plants, hydrothermal systems provide all three of these needs • However, the hydrothermal resource base is limited…

  4. Engineered Geothermal Systems • These “Engineered Geothermal Systems” can require • Deep drilling • Permeability enhancement (fracturing) • Water injection • Efficient power conversion at lower temperatures • EGS can make geothermal power a major contributor to a secure energy future • To dramatically expand the resource base, we need to provide the often-missing water and/or permeability at depth

  5. DOE’s Geothermal Program • Strategic Goal • Decrease LEC to 3-5 ¢/kWh for hydrothermal and 5 ¢/kWh for EGS • Strategic Directions… • Engineered Geothermal Systems • Exploration and Resource Characterization • Drilling and Reservoir Management • Power Systems and Energy Conversion • Institutional Barriers • Objectives for Drilling specifically… • Near-term improvements … to reduce costs by 25% • Long-term revolutionary advances …to drill twice as deep for the same cost…

  6. Sandia’s Role:Well Field Construction • Geothermal drilling issues • Contributes as much as 50% of capital cost for a power project • Expensive compared to oil and gas drilling because the rock is hot, hard, abrasive, fractured, and often contains corrosive fluid • Relatively few geothermal wells drilled each year • Sandia’s program focus • Developing the tools and techniques to diagnose, assess, and improve drilling system performance through improved scientific understanding • Developing improved drilling technologies to lower the cost and risk of geothermal development

  7. Well Field Construction:Tools and Techniques • Systems Analysis • Smart Development Capabilities • Dynamic Modeling • Laboratory Testing • Field Testing • Development of Advanced Diagnostics • High Temperature Electronics • Diagnostics While Drilling • Engineering the Needed Infrastructure

  8. Tools and Techniques:Smart Development Capabilities • Numerical Simulation • Laboratory Testing • Cutter and Bit Test Facilities • Drilling Dynamics Simulator • Field Testing

  9. Tools and Techniques:Advanced Diagnostics • High-temperature electronics and instrumentation • Component validation • Prototype instrument design and testing • Field validation and improvement

  10. Tools and Techniques:Advanced Diagnostics • Diagnostics-While-Drilling Tool • Better drilling, reduced flat-time, resource evaluation • Better understanding of bit-damaging events and BHA dynamics • Proof-of-concept completed; HT geothermal test upcoming

  11. Tools and Techniques:Advanced Diagnostics • High-Temperature Borehole Televiewer • Joint Sandia-NAVAIR-USGS project • Acoustic borehole imaging tool provides caliper and structural info • Maximum operating time of 10 hours at 275°C with dewared electronics • Successfully tested at Coso Geothermal Field in November 2004 • 2 systems ready for Geothermal usage

  12. Well Field Construction:Improved Drilling Technologies • Well design • Rock reduction & removal • Wellbore integrity • Well construction/completion • Well maintenance • Improved success rate

  13. Improved Drilling Technologies:Rock Reduction and Removal • CRADA bit testing • Advanced cutters & bits, hammers, PID, under-reamers • Game-changing rock reduction technologies, i.e., chemical erosion, novel cutter materials • Drilling process control (vibration suppression; controllable damper)

  14. Improved Drilling Technologies:Wellbore Integrity Volcanic Tremmie Pipe Cement Volcanic Rubble rubble Sodium Silicate Water Water table table Volcanic Volcanic Rubble rubble • Hot, highly fractured formations require innovative lost-circulation mitigation • Fast-setting grouts and non-standard cementing technologies can dramatically reduce trouble time and costs

  15. Sandia’s Geothermal Activities:Other DOE Program Support Rye Patch AmeriCulture • Geothermal Resource and Exploration Definition (GRED) • Technical support for DOE/Industry collaboration on the exploration for & definition of new geothermal resources • GeoPowering the West (GPW) • Technical Direction of the GPW Initiative

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