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E-Books

E-Books. Carol Deuling-Ravell A00239681 EDUC8841. Need. Why ebooks ? traditional books can be cumbersome Textbook depository for traditional textbooks storage space time consuming checkout procedures traditional books can be difficult to transport versatility of the book

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E-Books

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  1. E-Books Carol Deuling-Ravell A00239681 EDUC8841

  2. Need • Why ebooks? • traditional books can be cumbersome • Textbook depository for traditional textbooks • storage space • time consuming checkout procedures • traditional books can be difficult to transport • versatility of the book • changing text size • cost • can be up to ½ of traditional textbook cost

  3. Research • What research organization developed a solution to the need? • Ebooks have been driven by the booksellers • Kindle, Nook, online services, Project Gutenberg, Feedbooks, Internet Archive

  4. Research (cont’d) • What were the researcher’s findings? • Slow adoption by consumers • Early 2000’s ebook stores closed • E ink made ebook readers possible (Griffey, 2010) • Ebook readers tend to be perceived more favorably than reading ebooks on computers • Reading on computer offers many distractions (Pledger, 2010)

  5. Research (cont’d) • Who were the “lead thinkers” for this innovation? • Project Gutenberg • The booksellers (Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Borders)

  6. Research (cont’d) • Which manufacturers produce ebooks? • Each bookseller has produced their own ebook reader • lack of standardization in market • causes problem for mass adoption

  7. Development • What problems did the innovation encounter in the development process? • Standardization of platform • “lending” of ebooks is limited or nonexistent • LendMe feature of the Nook (only 1 lending per book & only one copy can be accessed at a time) (Griffey, 2010) • Textbooks do have a “rental” feature to allow multiple “lendings”

  8. Development (cont’d) • Who was the intended audience for the innovation? • Fiction reading audience • Market is driving development of other applications • textbooks • reference materials • newspapers • nonfiction books

  9. Commercialization • Describe the production, manufacturing, packaging, marketing & distribution of the innovation. • Computer ebooks are available through online services, some are free • Ebook readers have been marketed by booksellers like Amazon • These books are proprietary and do not “share” their format with other readers • Prices of dedicated ebook readers have been dropping

  10. Advantages of Ebook Readers • Audio function • Dictionary built in • Bookmark function • Note taking ability • Font size change • Portability source: Pledger, 2010

  11. Disadvantages of Ebooks • Digital Rights Management (Falk, 2001) • Lack of traditional page numbers • Poor quality of illustrations • Difficult to position those illustrations with text they relate to source: Pledger, 2010

  12. Timeline Needs/Problems • 1948 – Ampex Tape Recorder standard created to inexpensively record books for blind war veterans • Jan 1967 – Hypertext developed Research • July 1971 – Project Gutenberg begins Development • 1986 – Franklin launches dictionaries on hand held devices • July - 1990 Sony releases Discman (plays audio books)

  13. Timeline • Dec 1990 – first digital ebook published • Afternoon by Michael Joyce • Jun 1993 – PDF and Adobe Acrobat Reader launched by Adobe Commercialization • Feb 1994 Helsinki City Library launches first library website • Jun 1997 – eBooks available for Apple Newton • Oct 1998 – NuvoMedia launches first handheld eBook reader • Mar 1999 NetLibrary launched • Jan 2000 – International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF) created • Mar 2000 – Stephen King releases Riding the Bullet as an eBook • 2003 – Gemstar and B&N close eBook stores • Jan 2007 – Steve Jobs says eBooks cannot succeed because people do not read

  14. Timeline Diffusion and Adoption • Sept 2007 – Harlequin announces front list titles will be released as eBooks (approx 150 titles per month) • Nov 2007 – Amazon Kindle launched • Oct 2008 – Google announces Google Book Search project • Oct 2008 – Google can show 20% of a book for free online • 2010 – iRex, Que-E Reader, and SKIFF eBook readers all stop production • Apr 2010 – iPad released

  15. Scurve for eBook Diffusion

  16. Who uses eBooks?Innovators & Early Adopters? • Innovators • busy professionals with little time but like to read. • What do they read? • journals, magazines, newspapers, and nonfiction books for the most part • in spare time they read fiction books for pleasure

  17. Who uses eBooks?Early Majority and Late Majority? • Teens are beginning to read more but not as much as their parents. Why not? • Cost • Many young adult titles are not found in ebook form • Libraries increasing ebook lending titles

  18. Laggards? • Publishers • Afraid libraries lending ebooks will cut into their profits • Teens • Money issues

  19. Attributes to encourage Critical Mass? • Relative Advantage • Elending of ebooks • Currently this is a big controversy in the ebook publishing industry • Complexity • As standardization occurs for ebook readers and file formats, using the ebook format will become easier

  20. Attributes to encourage Critical Mass? • Trialability • reading a sample of a book before purchase • in print books people read the flap and the first chapter before purchase • Observability • The more visible ebooks become the more attention they will attract. • For example, when I read my Kindle in public someone always stops and talks to me about it, often more than one person.

  21. Attributes to encourage Critical Mass in Education? • Complexity - classrooms are busy places, the easier the ebook is perceived to use the better the reception from potential adopters • Observability – as pilot teachers use the ebooks other teachers will need to easily observe their use and student/teacher reactions and interactions • Compatability - teachers will need to see ebooks as compatible with their teaching style and students learning styles

  22. Have ebooks achieved critical mass? • In society? • Yes • In education? • No

  23. Why should we adopt ebooks in our curriculum? • Characteristics • Cost • Platform • Mobility • Condition • District Considerations • Technology availability in buildings

  24. How should we adopt ebooks?Hybrid Diffusion System • Dual Approach • Centralized • Administration support • Technical support • Decentralized • Teacher/Department choice of textbooks used in classroom • Identify pilot departments/grade levels/teachers

  25. Who should adopt ebooks?Champions • Building administrators • Faculty who are interested in integrating etextbooks within the curriculum

  26. Who should adopt ebooks?Change Agents • High School • 3 key change agents work with other departments to locate and evaluate ebooks • Middle School • 6th grade should pilot the integration of ebooks into the curriculum • Upper Elementary • 5th grade should pilot • Lower Elementary • Identify key teachers at each grade level to pilot ebooks

  27. How should we adopt etextbooks?Specifics • High School • English core – novels • Middle School • 6th grade – 2 paths • Choose one team and convert totally • Choose one subject and convert that within all teams

  28. How should we adopt etextbooks?Specifics • Appleview Upper Elementary • 5th grade • Choose one subject within one team • Offer conversion to other teams if they would like • Ridgeview Elementary • One teacher per grade level • One subject - Social Studies

  29. References • Allen, K. (2010). “A short history of ebooks” timeline according to Diesel eBooks. Retrieved from: http://blog.diesel-ebooks.com/?p=243. • Cavanaugh, T. (2008). eBook timeline. Retrieved from: www.drscavanaugh.org/ebooks/timeline/timeline.html. • Dennis, A. & Reinicke, B. (2004). Beta versus VHS and the acceptance of electronic brainstorning technology. MIS Quarterly, 28(1), pp. 1-20. • Evans, B. (2011, April 1). The ebooks explosion. Retrieved from www.ben-evans.com/post/4257687687/the-ebooks-explosion. • Griffey, J. (2010). Electronic book readers. Library Technology Reports. April, 2010. 7-19. • Gross, D. (2011, March 17). Kindle adding page numbers for e-books. CNN Tech. Retrieved from http://articles.cnn.com/2011-03-17/tech/kindle.page.numbers_1_kindle-users-amazon-ceo-jeff-bezos-e-reacer-market?_s=PM:TECH. • Falk, H. (2001). Technology corner. The Electronic Library, 19(5), 349-351. • Kearney, C. (2011, March 17). E-book sales jump at the start of 2011. Reuters. Retrieved from www.reuters.com/article/2011/03/17/us-ebooks-idUSTRE72G7E420110317. • Korat, O. (2009). Reading electronic books as a support for vocabulary, story comprehension and word reading in kindergarten and first grade. Computers & Education, 55, 24-31. • Lebert, M. (2010). Booknology: The ebook (1971-2010). Retrieved from: www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33460.

  30. References • Lindabeekeeper. (n.d.). History of the ebook. Retrieved from: www.timetoast.com/timelines/6941. • Lovekin, K. (2004, August). Back to school: Heavey packs endanger kid’s health, UCR study shows. University of California Newsroom. Retrieved from http://newsroom.ucr.edu/868. • Pledger, P. (2010). Future of the book? Challenge of the digital world. Paper presented at the 12th Biennial School Library Association of Queensland, the 39th International Association of School Librarianship Annual Conference, Brisbane QLD, Australia. • Project Gutenberg. (2011). Free ebooks by Project Gutenberg. Retrieved from http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Main_Page. • Sportkin, A., (2011, April 14). Popularity of books in digital platforms continues to grow, according to AAP publishers February 2011 salles report. Retrieved from www.publishers.org/press/30. • Springen, K. (2011, February 21). Reaching the e-teen. Publishers Weekly. Retrieved from http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/childrens/childrens-industry-news/article/46213-reaching-the-e-teen.html.

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