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Audio Beat Tracking

Audio Beat Tracking. David Sears MUMT 621 12 November 2009. Outline. Introduction BeatRoot Context-Dependent Beat Tracking MIREX 2009 Beat Tracking Contest Analytical Applications. Introduction.

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Audio Beat Tracking

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  1. Audio Beat Tracking David Sears MUMT 621 12 November 2009

  2. Outline • Introduction • BeatRoot • Context-Dependent Beat Tracking • MIREX 2009 Beat Tracking Contest • Analytical Applications

  3. Introduction Beat tracking in audio is the task of identifying and synchronizing with the basic pulse of a piece of music (Dixon 2007).

  4. Goals Davies et al (2007) suggest 4 main desirable properties for a beat tracker: • Both audio and symbolic musical signals can be processed. • No a priori knowledge of the input is required. • Perceptually accurate beat locations can be identified efficiently and in real-time. • Changes in tempo can be followed, thereby indicating the rate of change of tempo.

  5. BeatRoot Dixon 2007

  6. Dixon 2003

  7. The tempo induction algorithm computes clusters of inter-onset intervals and then combines them by recognizing the approximate integer relationships between clusters (Dixon 2007). Dixon 2007

  8. Dixon 2007

  9. MIREX 2006

  10. Context Dependent Beat Tracking • Complex spectral difference onset detection function • Stage 1: General State • Switches metrical levels • Switches between the on and off-beat • Stage 2: Context-dependent state • Unable to react to tempo changes • Two-State Model

  11. Davies et al 2007

  12. MIREX 2009 Two Test Sets for Evaluation • McKinney Collection: A collection of 160 musical excerpts, annotated by 40 different listeners. • Sapp’s Mazurka Collection: 322 files

  13. Results—McKinney Collection

  14. Results—Sapp Collection

  15. Analytical Applications

  16. Davies, M. A. Robertson, and M. Plumbley. 2009. MIREX 2009 Audio beat tracking evaluation: Davies, Robertson and Plumbley. In Proceedings of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval. Davies, M. E. P., and M. D. Plumbley. 2007. Context-dependent beat tracking of musical audio. IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, 15(3): 1009-20. Dixon, S. 2003. On the analysis of musical expression in audio signals. Draft for SPIE/IS&T Conference on Storage and Retrieval for Media Databases. Online http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.15.5379&rep=rep1&type=pdf. Dixon, S. 2007. Evaluation of the Audio Beat Tracking System BeatRoot. Preprint for Journal of New Music Research, 36. Online http://www.elec.qmul.ac.uk/people/simond/pub/2007/jnmr07.pdf. Lee, T. 2009. Audio beat tracking. In Proceedings of the International Society of Music Information Retrieval. Peeters, G. 2009. MIREX-09 “Audio beat tracking” task: IRCAMBEAT submission. In Proceedings of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval. Tzanetakis, G. 2009. Marsyas submissions to MIREX 2009. In Proceedings of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval. Widmer, G., S. Dixon, W. Goebl, E. Pampalk, and A. Tobudic. 2003. In Search of the Horowitz Factor. AI Magazine, 24(3): 111-29. References

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