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Chapter 1 Law Enforcement in a Democratic Society

Chapter 1 Law Enforcement in a Democratic Society. Introduction. 9/11 and Government Reorganization USA Patriot Act (original and reauthorization) Linkage Blindness The Criminal Justice System. Themes of the Book. Linkages Across Jurisdictions and Coordination Information Sharing

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Chapter 1 Law Enforcement in a Democratic Society

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  1. Chapter 1Law Enforcement in a Democratic Society

  2. Introduction 9/11 and Government Reorganization USA Patriot Act (original and reauthorization) Linkage Blindness The Criminal Justice System

  3. Themes of the Book Linkages Across Jurisdictions and Coordination Information Sharing Strategy Development The Police Function and its Role in the Criminal Justice System Historical Changes in Nature of Policing

  4. The Police FunctionSocial Control and the Use of Force Major Components of Justice Process Police Courts Corrections Informal Social Control Parents and Families Peers and Community Formal Social Control Law Enforcement Officers

  5. Policing Within the Rule of LawThe Challenges of Discretion Freedom to make decisions Decisions on arrests and charges Decisions not open to scrutiny Extra-legal factors Rule of Law

  6. The Delicate BalanceCrime Control vs. Due Process Balance between public safety (crime control) & individual freedom (due process)

  7. Levels of Law EnforcementFederal, State and Local Municipal Agencies County Agencies State Agencies Federal Agencies Tribal Agencies Transit Police

  8. Levels of Law EnforcementMunicipal Agencies Represents greatest number of law enforcement officers Responsible for investigating most violent and property offenses in their jurisdictions Urban and rural departments Townships

  9. Levels of Law EnforcementState and County Agencies State Highway patrol County Sheriff Justice courts

  10. Levels of Law EnforcementFederal Agencies Department of Justice U.S. Marshal Service FBI DEA ATF

  11. Levels of Law EnforcementFederal Agencies Department of Homeland Security ICE CBP TSA U.S. Secret Service FLETC Also: JRIES SLGC CEDAP

  12. Levels of Law EnforcementFederal Agencies Department of the Treasury IRS U.S. Postal Service

  13. Department of Homeland SecurityOrganizational Chart

  14. Levels of Law EnforcementTribal Agencies Bureau of Indian Affairs Self-governed Considered Sovereign Nations

  15. Levels of Law EnforcementTransit Police Mass Transit Airports Bridges Tunnels

  16. The Criminal Justice SystemPolice Investigation Arrest Booking Initial Charges

  17. The Criminal Justice SystemCourts Initial appearance Pretrial release decision Grand jury/preliminary hearing Arraignment Pretrial motions Trial Sentencing Appeals

  18. The Criminal Justice SystemCorrections Community Corrections Probation Incarceration Jail Prison Release (Parole) Capital punishment

  19. ReflectionsOn Chapter One 1. What are the benefits of the government’s reorganization of departmental agencies within the Department of Justice, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Department of the Treasury? Are there any drawbacks? 2. Should the police be bound by due process constraints when investigating terrorism? 3. What role does the police ability to use force play in their interactions with the community? 4. Do the police curtail their discretion according to the ideal of the rule of law? Explain. 5. How might information sharing be enhanced within and across law enforcement jurisdictions? With the rest of the criminal justice system?

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