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Bible Study for Pr-Servants. The Major Prophetic Books MjP1:The Book of Isaiah The 5 th Gospel. Nov 12, 2011. The Prophetic Books. Great Expectation to Christ. Contents. Author Historical setting Outline Features The Messiah in Isaiah Themes Lessons. Isaiah the Author.
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Bible Study for Pr-Servants The Major Prophetic Books MjP1:The Book of Isaiah The 5th Gospel Nov 12, 2011
The Prophetic Books Great Expectation to Christ
Contents • Author • Historical setting • Outline • Features • The Messiah in Isaiah • Themes • Lessons
Isaiah the Author • The Hebrew name of this prophet means “salvation is of Yahweh”. He had a very long ministry that ranged from around 740 to 680.. or approximately sixty-years • An evangelical prophet (5th Gospel) • Probably born to an aristocratic family • Had a prophetess wife & two sons • Ministered in Jerusalem during the reign of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah (Isaiah 1:1) • Sawed in half according to tradition • A contemporary with Micah, Amos, Hosea (before the exile)
Historical Setting • Israel (North) was falling down (722 B.C.) • Judah (South) was in a downward spiral both politically and spiritually • Uzziah (790-739) – good but proud • Jotham (750-731) – good but weak • Ahaz (735-715) - bad • Hezikiah (715-686) - good • The war between Assyria and the allies • Assyria’s increasing threat to Judah
Outline A) In chapter 1-39, Isaiah is writing primarily to the nations of Israel and Judah who are increasingly under the threat of invasion from the Assyrian empire. • Both of the nations have rejected the worship of God in varying degrees and are increasingly relying on pagan religion and military strength for their salvation. B) In chapters 40-66, Isaiah is writing to the generation which will be in exile, assuring them of deliverance by certain leaders and ultimately by the Messiah
Outline (A) • Words of Judgment (1-39) - The sins of Israel and Judah (1-9) - Immanuel (7-12) - Judgment on the nations (13-23) - Judgment on Judah and deliverance (24-27) - Woes upon Israel and promise (28-35) - Invasion of Assyria during Hezekiah the king (36-39) Scathing denunciations and appeal to repent and trust in God
Isaiah 1:1 The vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz, concerning Judah and Jerusalem which he saw during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah.
Outline (B) B. Words of Comfort (40-66) - Israel’s deliverance from captivity (40-48) - The servant of the Lord (49-57) - Restoration of Israel and the final kingdom (58-66) • Forgiveness, comfort, and hope • Looks forward to the coming of the Messiah • Purpose: To call Judah back to God and to tell of God’s salvation through the Messiah
-2 "Comfort, O comfort My people," says your God. Isaiah 40:1 "Speak kindly to Jerusalem; And call out to her, that her warfare has ended, That her iniquity has been removed, That she has received of the LORD's hand Double for all her sins."
Features • Isaiah’s apocalypse (prophecy) • Quoted at least 50 times in the NT • Predictions of future events • Israel’s captivity (39:7) • Cyrus’ rise to power in 586 (45:1) • The end of death (25:8) & the resurrection of the dead (26:19) • A great number of prophecies of the Messiah • Called a miniature Bible (66 chapters = 39 + 27) • Deliverance from sin (1) • Through Christ (53) • Restoration of the whole world (65,66)
The Messiah in Isaiah • Isaiah’s portrays of Christ • The branch of Jesses, Redeemer, Savior, Sin bearer, Liberator, Judge, etc • Names of Christ • Emmanuel, Might God, Counselor, Prince of Peace, King, Divine Servant, Arm of the Lord, Preacher, The servant of the Lord, The suffering and glory of the Servant • Details of Christ: his divine nature, birth, humanity, ministry, and redemptive work, and suffering and glory
Prophecies of the kingdom of God • The mountain of the Lord’s house (2:1-2) • A kingdom of peace (2:4; 9:6,7) • Includes the gentiles (11:10; 42:6; 66:20,21) • It shall be forever (9:7) • It shall usher in a new heaven and new earth (65:17-25; 66:22-23)
Themes • Salvation • “Isaiah” means “Salvation is of Yahweh” • The term “salvation” occurs 27 times • Salvation is bestowed only by grace and by the power of God, the Redeemer • Salvation through the Messiah • Political salvation Personal & international salvation Salvation of the whole world • The kingdom of God coming & For the glory of God • The same theme as that of the whole Bible
The God in Isaiah • Holy One of Israel (28 times) • The God of Hope - remnants • Redeemer (13 times) • God of all nations • God of unfailing love
Lessons • Sin and wickedness always brings God’s disfavor • God is holy and loving • God wants his people to put their trust in Him, not in anyone or in anything else • God’s zeal and aspiration for salvation • Isaiah’s entire family dedicated to the service of the Lord