Cell Energy Unit Test Review

1. Cell Energy Unit Test Review

2. Part One - Name the scientist who might have said the following:

3. 1) Plants give off oxygen which can restore the air. It can allow a candle to burn.

4. 2) Willow trees, like other plants, gain all their mass from water.

5. 3) Plants convert light energy to chemical energy.

6. 4) Plants fix carbon dioxide in a series of reactions that produce sugar. This series of reactions occurs in a cycle

7. Part Two – Pigments and Absorption of light energy.

8. 1) The green pigment in the plant cells is called_____________.

9. 2) The other colored pigments in a plant cell are called _______________ pigments thathelp the green pigment absorb light energy.

10. 3) Plant cell pigments involved in photosynthesis are located in the ________________ of the chloroplast. (stroma, or thylakoids of the grana?)

11. 4) Colors that are ________________ are the ones you see. (absorbed, or reflected?)

12. Part Three –The Equations: PhotosynthesisandCellular Respiration

13. 1) Name the equation as photosynthesis or cellular respiration. (Also – Which part of the equation is made up of the reactants and which part is made up of the products?)

14. 2) What are enzymes & why are they needed for photosynthesis and cellular respiration? • They are protein catalysts. Enzymes are needed to catalyze all reactions in both processes.

15. 3) Plant cells can use ____________________(photosynthesis or cellular respiration?) to convert the sun’s energy to chemical energy.Animal cells cannot.

16. 4) Both plant and animal cells use __________________ (photosynthesis or cellular respiration?) to produce many ATP molecules from glucose.

17. 5) Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration produce _____________________(ATP molecules, or Carbon dioxide?)

18. 6) The equations of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complimentary processes because the products of one reaction are the __________________ of the other. (products or reactants?)

19. Part Four – Photosynthesis: The light dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.

20. During the light dependent reactions, sunlight causes ______________ (electrons or protons?) to move in the chlorophyll molecules. ATP and NADPH molecules are produced to transfer the energy from sunlight to the Calvin Cycle. Water molecules are also broken down and _____________ gas (carbon dioxide, or oxygen?) is given off as a waste product from the plants.

21. During the Calvin cycle, also known as the light independent reactions, or dark reactions, ______________ (carbon dioxide, or oxygen?) is fixed into sugars such as glucose. Glucose is a (carbohydrate, or protein). The Calvin cycle takes place in the __________________ (stroma, or the thylakoids of the grana?) of the chloroplast.

22. Part Five – Cellular Respiration: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle and the Electron Transport Chain

23. Glucose has too much energy to be used by the cell directly. The energy of glucose molecules must be put into __________________. (ADP molecules or ATP molecules?) There are three major processes that happen in plant and animal cells to breakdown glucose and make ATP molecules. Of these three processes, Glycolysis takes place in the cytosol of the cytoplasm, while Krebs cycle and the Electron Transport Chain takes place in the organelle known as the _____________________ (chloroplast, or mitochondrion?)

24. Oxygen is not needed during glycolysis so it is said to be anaerobic. A net production of____ (2, 4, 34, or 38?) ATP molecules are produced and the end product ____________is produced (pyruvic acid or glucose?).

25. Oxygen is needed for cellular respiration in the mitochondrion. This is why it is referred to as (aerobic or anaerobic?) respiration. During the Krebs cycle ____ (2, 4, 34, or 38?) ATP molecules are produced. During the Electron Transport Chain ____ (2, 4, 34, or 38?) ATP molecules are produced. The total net production of ATP molecules that results from the complete breakdown of a glucose molecule is ____ (2, 4, 34, or 38?) ATPs.

26. Part Six: The ATP Molecule diagram

27. (Match the following to the diagram) ____1) part of ATP that is called adenosine ____2) part of ATP removed to release energy ____3) phosphates left behind when the molecule becomes ADP

28. Part Seven: The chloroplast diagram

29. Match the following to the diagram ____1) a thylakoid ____2) stroma ____3) a stack of thylakoids known as a granum ____4) location of the Calvin cycle (Dark reactions)

30. Part Eight: The leaf diagram

31. Match the following to the diagram ____1) vein (xylem & phloem) ____2) palisade layer ____3) guard cell ____4) spongy layer ____5) stomate (stoma) ____6) epidermal cell

32. Part Nine: Functions of Leaf Structures

33. Match each of the following to the parts of the leaf. ____1) opens and closes the stomata (leaf pore) a) guard cells b) cuticle layer (cutin layer) ____2) this waxy covering helps prevent c) vein (xylem & phloem) water loss d) palisade layer ____3) that move waters and sugars through the plant ____ 4) rectangular cells with many chloroplasts just below the upper epidermis