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The pharmacists

The pharmacists . Hypertension. Umm Al- Qura University Faculty of pharmacology department . Supervisor : Prof. Dr.Hekma Coordinator : Ph.Fatmah Bakhder. Contents :. Definition Trade and generic names Mechanism of action Clinical use Side effects Drug interactions Life style.

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The pharmacists

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  1. The pharmacists

  2. Hypertension

  3. Umm Al-Qura University Faculty of pharmacology department Supervisor: Prof. Dr.Hekma Coordinator : Ph.FatmahBakhder

  4. Contents : • Definition • Trade and generic names • Mechanism of action • Clinical use • Side effects • Drug interactions • Life style

  5. Definition • BP , defined as a repeatedly elevated blood pressure exceeding 140 over 90 mmHg . • a systoic pressure above 140 or a diastolic pressure above 90

  6. Causes of hypertension • Smoking • Obesity • Low physical activity • Salt diet • alcohol intake

  7. Treatment of hypertension

  8. Antihypertensive drug

  9. :Mechanism Of Action

  10. Aliskiren side effects

  11. Renin angiotensin system

  12. Aliskiren Aliskiren had acceptable oral bioavailability and were clinical enough for clinical uses, but it has some of side effects :

  13. Cardiovascular Cardiovascular side effects have included extremely rare cases of hypotension (0.1%) and angioedema (0.06%).

  14. Respiratory system • In this research (Effects of modulators of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on cough), researcher mentioned that there is a relation between patients with uncomplicated primary hypertension with a history of ACE inhibitor-related cough

  15. Nervous system Nervous system side effects have included headache, dizziness, fatigue, and single episodes of tonic-clonic seizures with loss of consciousness.

  16. Gastrointestinal system Inhibit renin release leading to decrease of angiotensin II secretion , and that mean loss of higher amount of water and sodium causing diarrhea . (THE EFFECT OF THERENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM ON MUCOSAL WATER AND SODIUM TRANSFER IN EVERTED SACS OF RAT JEJUNUMBy ANN D. CROCKER* AND KENNETH A. MUNDAY)

  17. Dermatic • Due to decrease of angiotensin release , vascular 'll dilate and appear of redness & rash .

  18. Caution • Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system can cause fetal and neonatal morbidity and death when administered • during pregnancy.

  19. Drug Interactions AshwagZahedKofiah + ShathaAbdulbasset Abed

  20. ACE I • Captopril VS Aliskiren ARBs Valsartan VS Aliskiren Drugs that increase k LEVEL Spironolactone VS Aliskiren

  21. - Hyperkalemia -Kidney failure -Muscle paralysis -Irregular heart rhythm & cardiac arrest!

  22. Statements that’s may increase the risk … • -Elderly • -Dehydrated • -Kidney disease • -Diabetes • -Advanced heart failure • -Regular or long term • use of NSAIDs

  23. Cyclosporines Neoral VS Aliskiren HMG CoAReductase Inhibitors Atorvastatin VS Aliskiren P-gp Inhibitors Ketoconazole VS Aliskiren

  24. Thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide) • Loop diuretics (Furosemide) • Tizanidine • High-fat meals

  25. Thiazide Diuretics • Aliskiren VS • Hydreochlorothiazide serm uric acid Hyperurecemia

  26. Loop Diuretics • Aliskiren VS Furosamide Blood cocnc of Furosamide Reduce its efficacy

  27. Muscle relaxant.. • Additive effects in lowering BP Tizanidine VS Aliskiren

  28. Food drug interaction • High fat meals VS Aliskiren AUC & Cmax Absroptionof Aliskiren

  29. Non-Pharmacologic Management of Hypertension disease

  30. Modification of seven life style • SODIUM REDUCTION • EXERCISE • AVOID ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION • DIETARY CHANGES • WEIGHT LOSS • SMOKING CESSATION • MEDITATION

  31. SODIUM REDUCTION • The recommended sodium intake is less than 6gms per day for all patients with hypertension or prehypertension.

  32. EXERCISE • Doing of exercise for 30 minutes on most days of the week is help patients with prehypertension to reductions of 4 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure and 3 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure.

  33. DIETARY CHANGES • By following of DASH plane which is depend on fruits and vegetables; high in low-fat dairy products, potassium, magnesium, and calcium; and low in total saturated fats.

  34. WEIGHT LOSS • Reduction of 10 lb can help reduce blood pressure or prevent hypertension.

  35. SMOKING CESSATION • In patients with hypertension, there is an increase in cardiovascular events in those who smoke compared with those who do not. So. decreasing smoking lead to reduce of blood pressure clearly.

  36. MEDITATION • Include Meditate on God's creatures in the universe, like the sun, moon, birds, sunrise and sunset, all this help patients with hypertension and any person to be quiet and closer to the God

  37. Done by : Ashwaqzahed Linaaldawood ElafKhalifa Maeenmedwahi Bashier al ameer Moroojalmoald Bayanbaz Marwabarnawy Duaaageel Hadeel al-fahmi Shatha abed Yasmeenalsahafy

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