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Contraception

Contraception. The Pill. Description: A pill composed of synthetic hormones that stops the ovary from releasing an egg- women will not ovulate. Effectiveness : over 99% Obtained: Must have a prescription through a gynecologist or family planning clinic. The Pill (continued).

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Contraception

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  1. Contraception

  2. The Pill Description: A pill composed of synthetic hormones that stops the ovary from releasing an egg- women will not ovulate. Effectiveness : over 99% Obtained: Must have a prescription through a gynecologist or family planning clinic.

  3. The Pill (continued) Possible Side Effects: Nausea, breast tenderness, weight gain, dangerous if you are a smoker • Do not use someone else’s pills • Normal menstrual cycles still occur. • Helps regulate periods and reduce complications (cramps, pms) • Must be taken everyday at the same time!

  4. Spermicides Description: Act as physical barrier that contain sperm-killing chemical Effectiveness: 78% Obtain: Over-the-counter at drug store or supermarket

  5. Possible Side Effects: May cause irritation • Must be inserted deep in the vagina and must be used every time intercourse occurs • May provide some protection against STDs.

  6. Condom Description: Placed over an erect penis. It prevents semen from entering the vagina Effectiveness: 85% Obtained: Over-the counter at drug store or supermarket

  7. Possible side effects: Slight possibility of breakage or leakage • Be careful opening package • Do not store condoms in wallet or places exposed to extreme temperatures • The rim of the condom must be held after intercourse so that the condom does not slip off as the penis is withdrawn

  8. Diaphragm Description: Large rubber cap which covers the cervix. Must be used with spermicide. Effectiveness: 85% Obtained: Through gynecologist or family clinic

  9. Possible Side Effects: May be awkward to insert and remove • Can be inserted up to 2 hours before intercourse • Must be left in place for 6 hours after intercourse

  10. Cervical Cap Description: Small rubber cap that covers the cervix. Must be used with spermcide. Effectiveness: 85% Obtained: Through gynecologist or family clinic

  11. Possible Side Effects: Can be awkward to insert and remove • Can be inserted up to 2 hours before intercourse • Must be left in place for 6 hours afterwards

  12. I.U.D. Description: Intrauterine device that is thought to somehow interfere with the sperm’s ability to reach the egg or with a fertilized egg’s ability to implant Effectiveness: 97% Obtained: Inserted by a gynecologist. Once inserted, may prevent pregnancy for several years.

  13. Possible Side Effects: Can cause increased bleeding and cramps. • Not recommended for women who have not had families. • Pelvic inflammatory disease. (PID).

  14. Sponge Description: A sperm barrier treated with spermicide. The sponge physically stops the sperm and the chemical kills them. Effectiveness: 85% Obtained: Over the counter at the drug store or supermarket

  15. Possible Side Effects: The chemicals may cause irritation. • May be difficult to remove

  16. ABSTINENCE Description: No intercourse Effectiveness: 100% ** This is the only 100% effective method of birth control**

  17. Withdrawal Description: The penis is pulled out of the vagina prior to ejaculation. Ejaculation occurs outside of the vagina Effectiveness: Less than 75% • VERY risky method b because if even a tiny drop of semen comes in contact with vaginal fluid, pregnancy can occur. Does not protect against STDs.

  18. Rhythm Description: Intercourse is avoided during ovulation. Effectiveness: Less than 75% The female keeps track of menstrual cycle on a calendar. *It is difficult to determine when ovulation occurs. Therefore this is a risky method of birth control, especially for teenagers.

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