Leadership

1. Leadership Presented by: The Association for Fire & Police Cadets http://www.a4fpc.org https://www.facebook.com/a4fpc

2. Rules of the class • If you have the question raise your hand • To answer a question raise your hand • No side conversations • If there is a side conversation the class will stop and this will waste time • Take Notes • Everyone is expected to participate

3. Today’s Goals: Today we will cover 1. Different styles of leadership 2. Traits of a leader 3. Communication 4. Chain of command 5. Delegation 6. Initiative 7. Preparation & Planning 8. Praise & Punishment 9. If we have time we will do some hands-on activities

4. Question for you Yes Is there a difference between a Boss and a Leader?

5. Key Difference Leaders are people that are responsible for inspiring, guiding and leading a group of people on a path for a common cause. A boss is a person who is in charge of the work place and tells you what to do.

6. Question • Can a leader be a boss and can a boss be a leader? • The simple answer is Yes • But not all bosses are leaders. • It depends on their leadership style!!

7. Leadership Styles If you Google leadership styles there are different answers to how many styles there are, we have seen as few as 3 and as many as 10 different styles. We are going to concentrate on 3 of the major styles today

8. The 3 main styles are! • Authoritarian Leadership (Autocratic) • Participative Leadership (Democratic) • Delegative Leadership (Laissez-Faire)

9. Authoritarian Leaders • Authoritarian leaders, also known as autocratic leaders, • - provide clear expectations for what needs to be done, • - when it should be done, • - how it should be done. • There is also a clear division between the leader and the followers. • -Authoritarian leaders make decisions independently with little or no input from the rest of the group. • Researchers found that decision-making was less creative under authoritarian leadership and they have found that it is more difficult to move from an authoritarian style to a democratic style than vice versa. • Abuse of this style is usually viewed as • -controlling, • -bossy • -dictatorial • Authoritarian leadership is best applied to situations where there is little time for group decision-making or where the leader is the most knowledgeable member of the group.

10. Participative leadership • Participative leadership, also known as democratic leadership, is generally the most effective leadership style. Democratic leaders • - offer guidance to group members, • - but they also participate in the group and allow input from other group members. • Members in this group were less productive than the members of the authoritarian group, but their contributions were of a much higher quality. • Participative leaders encourage group members to participate, but retain the final say over the decision-making process. • Group members feel engaged in the process and are more motivated and creative.

11. Deligative Leadership • Researchers found that team members under delegative leadership, also known as laissez-fair leadership, were the least productive of all three groups. • -The members in this group also made more demands on the leader, showed little cooperation and were unable to work independently. • Delegative leaders offer little or no guidance to group members and leave decision-making up to group members. • While this style can be effective in situations where group members are highly qualified in an area of expertise, it often leads to poorly defined roles and a lack of motivation.

12. Traits of a Leader • We use Traits to Characterize. • Used to Define • Some specific traits help mold you in life

13. What traits do people need to make them a good leader? • Bearing • Courage • Decisiveness • Dependability • Endurance • Enthusiasm • Initiative • Integrity • Judgment • Justice • Knowledge • Loyalty • Tact • Unselfishness

14. Bearing • Impression • Appearance • Personal Conduct • Not just wearing a pressed uniform • Self control • Beware of uncontrolled displays of emotions • Use of profanity and telling off color jokes • Dignity

15. Courage • Moral & Physical courage • Stand up for what you know Is right no matter what is typically perceived. • Never Quit • Examples • Understand the Risk • Peer Pressure

16. Decisiveness • Leaders need to make decisions timely and prompt • Articulated clear, concise, and forceful manner. • More than one way to handle a situation • Quickly gather the relevant information • Analyze the situation • Decide the best course of action • Execute • Don’t be afraid to admit a mistake • Remedy the decision by changing course “In any moment of decision the best thing you can do is the right thing. The worst thing you can do is nothing.

17. Dependability • Reliable • Superiors and subordinates • Ensure you have the best interest of the post • Strong attention to detail • Once you lose credibility it’s difficult to lead “You cant build a reputation on what you are going to do” Henry Ford

18. Endurance • Stamina is essential in Law Enforcement & Fire Service • Physically Fit • Physical and Mentally Endurance • Reliable and persistent “Work hard to keep fit. That little extra stamina may some day pull you out of some deep holes.” General Matthew Ridgway

19. Enthusiasm • Spread enthusiasm in each and every task • Its infectious to your Cadets. • Encourage subordinates to perform to the best of their ability. • Ability to turn an uncomfortable situation into a challenge. • Academy Example • “The harder you work, the harder it is to surrender” • Vince Lombardi

20. Initiative • Initiative • Recognizing what needs to be done without being told to do it. • Innovative and improvise • Doing something is generally better than doing nothing “Even if you’re on the right track. You’ll get run over if you just sit there.” Will Rogers

21. Integrity • Most important human attribute • This a non negotiable trait • It is the basis of trust • It is characteristic that is earned • Make sure your facts are true and accurate • Rumors are very rarely true, don’t believe it unless you hear it from the horses mouth

22. Judgment • Judgment is the ability to logically consider available information to reach reasonable solutions to problems. • Know how to apply common sense and experience in everything • Don’t get into a strangers car

23. Justice • Know when to praise • Know when to punish • Be impartial and consistent in exercising • Command • Specifically the assessments of rewards and demerits. • Judge each situation separately on its merits. • Be cautious and keep perspective • Be fair in everything you do

24. Knowledge • It is NOT expected that you know everything • You should be proficient in those topics you expect your subordinates to know • Its ok to not know something, but admit it. • Do not fake that you know something • Recognize and correct inadequate performance, especially your own

25. Loyalty • Need to be loyal both to your subordinates and your superiors • You need to give it in order to receive it • IF you get a task from a superior, give it your full support even though you might not personally agree with it. • Be loyal to your post, agency, jurisdiction, and country

26. Tact • Ability to deal with others in a respectful manner during times of stress or when offering critical appraisal. • Do unto other as you would have them to unto you • Make critics meaningful, not embarrassing or harmful. • Consider the dignity of the Cadet by realizing the impact of your comments. • It’s not what you say, its how you say it

27. Unselfishness • Essential to be unselfish • Do not take advantage for personal pleasure, gain , or safety at expense of post. • Look out for your Cadets before you look out for yourself • Share hardship, discomfort, and undesirable task with your Cadets.

28. Difference between a Leader and a Boss

29. Another Question for you Do you have to be a supervisor/boss to be a leader in your organization? NO

30. Anyone can be a leader • If you can • Inspire the group • Help guide the group • Lead the group on a path for the common cause. • You can be looked upon as a leader • Is that not what part of this program you belong to is about? Building leaders!

31. Earning the respect of your members The number one reason why Members don’t respect their Post Officers is because….. The members don’t believe that they should be in that position… To avoid this from happening to you…. You must: Follow the golden rules!

32. There are 7 golden rules that lay the foundation of a good leader: • Lead by example (i.e. appearance, attendance, conduct & participation) • Display a positive attitude at all times • Treat members equally and with respect • Be confident in your leadership role • Demonstrate knowledge of and enforce all rules and regulations. • Recognize and reinforce the positive actions of others • Be approachable to everyone with questions and or concerns

33. Communication You must be able to effectively communicate to members and do it in a manner that is appropriate. -“It has nothing to do with what you say, but by how you say it.” -A good way of avoiding saying something in a harsh manner is “think before you speak”. -Also, keep in mind that members listen to Post Officers that listen to them. So it is imperative that you ask questions and opinions of the members rather than constantly telling them things. -If you’re having trouble keeping a group on task, offer some type of award to those that can accomplish the task the most effectively. Competition is a very good motivator, if you communicate it effectively. -Also, you must be able to effectively communicate to other Post Officers, especially the ones above you. -Remember that you’re not going to be perfect so you have to be open to criticism. If you make a mistake, just brush it off, forget about it, and move on.

34. Communication Cont. “We are each blessed with two ears and one mouth; a constant reminder that we should listen twice as mush as we talk” – Kevin J. Murphy, a very cute saying but a very true saying.

35. Non-verbal Communication Personal hygiene and grooming is a form of non-verbal communication. -Imagine how it would feel if a Post Officer approached you wearing a dirty, wrinkled uniform, their hair was a mess, they smelled as if they hadn’t showered and they needed a tic-tac like no tomorrow. -Now imagine if this same guy tried to tell you what to do, and he told you that you weren’t doing something good enough. Do you think this would be an uncomfortable situation? -Yes it would, and I bet you would lose a lot of respect for that person. So keep that in mind when you have to meet for an event in about an hour, you might want to start getting ready now, rather than later.

36. Non-verbal Communication Cont. • Texting • Hand Gestures • Facial Expressions What are some other forms of non-verbal communication that we have to be careful of???

37. If I can offer you one piece of advise on how to be a leader, it would be…

38. Avoid being The JerkA leader is using this style when he or she: -Uses only one style of leadership to deal with all people and all situations.   -Yells at, threatens, or uses abusive language with followers.   -Uses fear to motivate followers.   -Is indecisive and afraid to take action.   -Sets unrealistic goals for the group.   -Is more concerned with his or her personal reputation than the work conditions or motivation of the team.   -Takes credit for the accomplishments of followers when things are going well and shifts blame to followers when things go wrong. This style is never appropriate.

39. Chain of command • Within this chain of command there are rank and positions that are “in charge” • Cadets need to follow the chain of command, before moving up the chain of command they should go to their direct supervisor/ team leader first • Chain of command • Cadets contact their Sergeant before going to the Lieutenant, • If they can’t reach a sergeant and it’s important then go to the Lieutenant • If they cant reach the and its important then continue to move up the chain. • If no one can be reached and its important then an advisor

40. What does this picture mean to you???

41. Delegation As a Post Officer you are going to be faced with a lot tasks and assignments especially while running an event. Rather then showing too much initiative and trying to do everything yourself (a.k.a. getting burnt out while nothing get accomplished) you should delegate tasks. The best reason for delegating tasks is to see how others will handle it and to see if they have leadership qualities.

42. Delegation continued… The highest ranked Post Officer gets assigned every task! • That Post Officer picks what things he/she wants to do, and which things the Post Officers one step down should be assigned, • Then the same thing gets done for the next step down, until hopefully everything is getting done and getting done equally amongst the Post Officers.  After delegating a task, let go and forget about it, • Don’t hover over the person, • Don’t nag them to do it your way, just let it get done. • By doing this you are empowering them and allowing them to exercise their leadership qualities. Yes, it is okay to allow others to fail because you are also allowing them to learn.  Use your power wisely, do not over delegate, • Remember that there is nothing worse in life then a “Power-hungry leader”. • Try to realize that it is the members that give power to the Post Officers.

43. Initiative As a Post Officer you must constantly be showing initiative. • In Cadets, initiative separates the “men from the boys” so to speak. • A reactive Post Officer sits on their hands until they are told to do something; • A proactive Post Officer (with initiative) already has the task completed. • The Cadet with the most initiative is 99% of time considered the best Cadet; it’s as simple as that. A Post Officer with initiative anticipates something going wrong • They already has a back-up plan for it and often likes when things don’t go according to plan • Because they get to watch people scramble for a moment while he/she is getting their back-up plan into action. • Another way of putting it is that they are flexible when things don’t go perfectly.

44. Preparation and Planning One of the most important attribute to becoming a successful leader is to BE PREPARED. -Whether you’re at a meeting -running an event You must be prepared. Going into something blind will only set you up for failure. If you are in-charge of an event; yes, you need to bring the 7 golden rule attributes with you. -But if have no clue on where to post your members -You forget to bring your materials and -Nothing gets done properly you’re going to be considered a nice kid but a horrible leader. A good saying to live off of is “Don’t put off tomorrow what you can accomplish today.” BE PREPARED.

45. Attitudes • Good attitudes are contagious, • Bad attitudes are contagious, • As a matter of fact all attitudes are contagious. • Remember that when you are a Post Officer don’t allow a member’s negativity to cramp the entire group. • Take that person aside, let them know what they are doing wrong, and ask them to stop. • A good Post Officer has a “can do attitude”, and views everything (no matter how difficult) as an accomplishable task.

46. Organization An organized Cadet is called a Post Officer This is because if you are truly organized and motivated it’s not going to take long for you to be Post Officer. An organized person can accomplish so much more then someone who is disorganized. Although everyone knows this, too many people struggle with it.

47. Praise and Punishment As a Post Officer you will encounter people helping out and doing a very spectacular job. • First step is recognizing it as something good. • Second step should be to take a moment to let them know and to thank them in front who ever is around. • Please don’t wait till the next day to do a performance report for them. • There are two reasons for recognizing some one for doing a good job • 1. You remember to thank them (“Don’t put off tomorrow what you can accomplish today.”) • 2. To motivate everyone else.

48. Praise and Punishment continued Also, as a Post Officer, you will notice a lot of negative things going on, things that can potentially hurt a group’s performance. • In this case you DO NOT call them out and publicly humiliate them in front of the other members, • Politely ask them to step away from the group and then you let them know what they are doing wrong. • Also, when asking the member to step out, you don’t have to announce it so everyone can hear you. That’s just as bad. • Ask them to step out to help you with something or say it quietly. • A good saying to go by is, ”PIP, PIP” which is “praise in public, and punish in private”

49. Praise and Punishment continued Never discipline someone for something you did yourself, such as goofing off. • If you and a group of Cadets are goofing off and it escalates to an inappropriate level, then say • “WE have to take it easy”, • Don’t say “YOU GUYS have to take it easy”, • you are part of the group too. Take responsibility for your actions!

50. Leadership Training and Refresher classes At least once every month or two all Post Officers & Team Leaders should be challenging themselves and stepping outside their comfort zone to be constantly brushing up on their leadership skills. As Post Officers or Team Leaders you should be either conducting leadership classes or participating in them.