we will discuss on the topics

1. we will discuss on thetopics Advantages and disadvantages of formulations Pesticides Formulations of pesticides Ways of storing pesticides

2. PESTICIDES INSECTICIDES HERBICIDES A pesticide is any chemical that is used to control pests. RODENTICIDES FUNGICIDES PISCICIDES Kills fish

3. General and Restricted Use Pesticides • GENERAL-USE PESTICIDES • Less likely to harm the user or the environment when used according label instructions. • Anyone can buy and apply general-use pesticides. • RESTRICTED-USE PESTICIDES (RUP) • Can harm the environment or the applicator when not used as directed. • Licensing and certification are required for purchase and use.

4. This talk will covers → The Formulations of the pesticides

5. WHAT’S A FORMULATION? How the pesticide is packaged. One pesticide = many forms. COMMON EXAMPLE POWDERED - DRY BATH GEL LIQUID

6. COMMONLY USE DRY FORMULATIONS • WP – Wettable powder • WSB or WSP – Water Dispersable Bag or Water Soluble Packet • P or G – Pellets or Granule

7. Wettable Powders (WP) • Finely ground dry material like talc and clay are the “carriers” • Mixed with water - the i.e. is released into the solution • Examples: • Sevin 50 W insecticide • Kerb 50 W herbicide • Sniper 50 W insecticide

8. WETTABLE POWDERS (WP) ADVANTAGES • Easy to store & transport. Smaller packaging. Won’t freeze. • Lower toxicity to plants than liquid formulations. Why? The inert ingredients, clay or talc, are generally harmless to plants • DISADVANTAGES • Inhalation hazard when pouring and mixing. It’s dry! • Needs vigorous & constant agitation in the spray tank. • Abrasive to many pumps and nozzles.

9. WATER SOLUBLE PACKETS OR BAGS • Pre-weighted amounts of dry active formulation. • Usually pellets • Packaged in water-soluble plastic bags that dissolve in water. Examples:Ammo WSP insecticide Thiodan WSB insecticide Some 2,4-D products

10. WATER SOLUBLE PACKETS OR BAGS ADVANTAGES • Reduce handling hazards associated with highly toxic pesticides. • Plastic-like covering of bag acts as a barrier. DISADVANTAGES  Packets dissolve when exposed to water  Bags or packets are usually premixed at a specific rate.

11. GRANULES (G) OR PELLETS (P) ExamplesSpike 20 P Counter 15G Phostoxin (a fumigant in pellet or tablet form) • Most often used for soil applications. • Active ingredient (a.i.) is absorbed into large, coarse particles such as clay pellets or granules.

12. GRANULES (G) OR PELLETS (P) ADVANTAGES • Ready to Use (RTU); no mixing • In most cases, don’t need to mix with water first. • DISADVANTAGES • May need to be incorporated into the soil. • Easy to over apply

13. This talk will covers Ways of storing pesticides

14. Store pesticides in a locked and posted facility to keep out children or other untrained people. Lock all entrances to the storage area. Hang signs stating: "Danger — Pesticides, Keep Out!!"

15. Keep your storage area neat and clean!

16. Store pesticides only in the original container with the label plainly visible. Never store pesticides in anything used as a food, feed or drink containers, even for a short time. + =

17. Damaged containers? •  Transfer its contents to a container that held the same product. • Contact the manufacturer and ask for an empty container. • Attach a new label ASAP. All labels should be intact! Unlabeled pesticides are worthless and dangerous. Contact your local Montana Department of Agriculture Field Office for proper ways to use and dispose of surplus or questionable pesticides.

18. Keep clean water and soap close to, BUT NOT IN, the storage area. Note the disposable towels! A shovel, dustpan, broom, and proper type of fire extinguisher are other essential items.