OBJECTIVES: What will you be learning?

2. OBJECTIVES: What will you be learning? Chapter 7 Section 3 • SWBAT: Identify the role of the Missouri Compromise played in the dispute over Slavery. • SWBAT: Relate how the election of 1824 gave rise to charges of corrupt bargains. • SWBAT: Explain how the election of Andrew Jackson broke with the politics of the past.

3. The Missouri Compromise • The debate over both slavery and Missouri’s economy increased in 1819, when the territory applied for statehood. • The nation was than equally divided between slave states and free states (11 to 11). Missouri’s admission as a slave state would tip the balance in the Senate in favor of the south and give the South more power. To end the debate: Missouri Compromise (1820): Agreement proposed by Henry Clay that allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, Maine to enter as a free state, and banned slavery in the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36 30’ line (Missouri’s southern boundary). BUT IT WAS ONLY A TEMPORAY FIX    

5. Andrew Jackson • Nicknamed “Old Hickory” for his toughness • Major General during the War of 1812 • His supporters were eventually called the Democrats • Leads campaign against Seminole & Creek Indians

6. John Quincy Adams • Son of President John Adams • Strong support in New England • Favors internal improvements: National Road, Erie Canal

7. Federalist Party Dissolved 4 Democratic-Republicans run & No one receives majority Goes to the House of Representatives Adams is named the next President

8. Results • Calls Adams victory a “corrupt bargain” • Seen as a “man of the people” • Supports removing property qualifications for voting

9. CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING • What events made the 1824 election unusual? Jackson won he popular vote, but no candidate won a majority of electoral votes; the House chose Adams.

10. Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams

11. Result: 3 times as many people vote & Andrew Jackson wins

12. CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING • How did the Democratic Party begin? Jackson’s supporters were known as the Democratic party.

15. President Jackson • Jackson’s political success reflected changes in American society caused in part by the Market Revolution. • The old social structure led by well-born individuals gradually gave way to a society based more economic success than on one’s social class at birth. • Jackson’s image as a “self-made” man reflected this new sense of economic opportunity. • Only white men enjoyed full political rights at this time. • However, the dramatic expansion of political participation regardless of class was a break from trends in the rest of the world. This expansion was known as Jacksonian Democracy.

16. President Jackson • Jackson continued to change the tone of politics. • Once in office, he rewarded his supporters by giving some of them government jobs. • Spoils System: politicians’ practice of giving government jobs to their supporters. • By rewarding political supporters with government appointments, politicians could ensure future support from the state branches of their party. • Jackson also took steps to reform government bureaucracy by replacing public servants whom he judged “unfaithful or incompetent.” • He believed that those officials who stayed in public office too long often forgot that they were servants of the people. • Rotation in office: periodic replacement of office holders. • Jackson appointed to office those people whom he considered qualified. • He kept competent workers regardless of their political party. • Previously, most politicians had believed that only the wealthy were qualified to serve in government. • Jackson believed that every American, regardless of social or economic class, was potentially as competent as any other.

17. CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING • How did Jacksonian Democracy transform politics and government? Jackson used the spoils system and favored rotate on in office. Wanted all men to have the ability to serve in the government.