Introduction to Engineering Lab 3 -1 Basic Electronics with Circuit Prototyping

1. Introduction to EngineeringLab 3 -1Basic Electronics with Circuit Prototyping Agenda Introduction to circuits Building a simple circuit

2. OVERVIEW • MAJOR TYPES of ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS • COMPONENTS and SYMBOLS • PROTOTYPING BOARDS • POWER SUPPLIES • DIGITAL MULTIMETER • DIGITAL COUNTER • SCHEMATIC CIRCUIT DRAWINGS • SIMPLE CIRCUIT, BUILD AND USE

3. ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS • DIGITAL OPERATION EXHIBITS A FINITE NUMBER OF DISCRETE CONDITIONS (e.g., ON/OFF) AND IS RELATIVELY INSENSITIVE TO NOISE • ANALOG OPERATION EXHIBITS AN INFINITE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT CONDITIONS AND IS RELATIVELY SENSITIVE TO NOISE

4. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS • SWITCHES • RESISTORS • CAPACITORS • LIGHT EMITTING DIODES • CADMIUM SULFIDE PHOTOCELLS • TRIM POTENTIOMETERS • TRANSISTORS • INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (ICs)

5. SWITCHES • NUMBER OF POLES (contact pairs) • TYPE OF ACTION (bi-stable, momentary, etc.) • BODY/ACTUATOR STYLE (micro, toggle, button, chassis mount, etc.) MICROSWITCH, LEVER ACTUATED, SPDT C NO NC

6. RESISTORS • RESIST THE FLOW OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT • NO POLARITY • POWER LIMITED • UNIT OF MEASURE IS OHMS • COLOR BANDS INDICATE VALUE, TOLERANCE A 100 Kohm Resistor

7. CAPACITORS • HOLD AN ELECTRICAL CHARGE THAT VARIES WITH CURRENT (VOLTAGE) • VOLTAGE LIMITED • UNIT OF MEASURE IS FARADS (but generally expressed in micro, nano, or pico farads) Polarized and Non-polarized Capacitors +

8. LIGHT EMITTING DIODES • PASS ELECTRICAL CURRENT IN ONE DIRECTION ONLY • EMIT LIGHT PROPORTIONAL TO CURRENT THROUGH DIODE (over limited range) • MUST HAVE CURRENT LIMITED BY A RESISTOR IN SERIES +

9. CdS PHOTOCELLS • RESISTANCE THAT VARIES WITH INCIDENT LIGHT • SENSITIVE TO ALL LIGHT (whether from LED or room lighting) • POWER LIMITED

10. 2 3 1 TRIM POTENTIOMETERS • RESISTANCE THAT VARIES BY MANUAL ADJUSTMENT • SLOTTED KNOB USED TO MOVE INTERNAL ‘WIPER’ ACROSS RESISTANCE • POWER LIMITED

11. TRANSISTORS • CONTROL THE FLOW OF CURRENT IN ONE DIRECTION • MUST HAVE CURRENT LIMITED BY LOAD AND/OR ADDITIONAL RESISTANCE E B C

12. 8 7 1 5 4 1 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS • MANY TRANSISTORS, RESISTORS, AND CAPACITORS ON A SINGLE SILICON WAFER TO PERFORM SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS • THE WAFER IS MOUNTED TO A CARRIER FOR EASE OF USE AND HEAT DISSIPATION Notches mark pin 1 end or pin 1 of IC (highlighted for clarity)

13. PROTOTYPING BOARDS • Bare Prototyping Board

14. PROTOTYPING BOARDS • Bare Board • Power and ground terminal posts

15. PROTOTYPING BOARDS • Bare Board • Power and ground terminal posts • 5-hole sets, electrically common (connected) internally

16. PROTOTYPING BOARDS • Bare Board • Power and ground terminal posts • Power bus (red/solid) • Ground bus (blue/dashed)

17. PROTOTYPING BOARDS • Bare Board • Power and ground terminal posts • Jumpers for complete distribution of power

18. PROTOTYPING BOARDS • Bare Board • Power and ground terminal posts • Connecting to the work space

19. POWER SUPPLIES • BATTERIES • AC to DC POWER SUPPLIES

20. DIGITAL MULTIMETER • MEASURE RESISTANCE, CURRENT, or VOLTAGE • WE WILL USE IT FOR VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS

21. DIGITAL COUNTER • ACCUMULATES AND DISPLAYS ‘COUNTS’ • EACH ‘CLEAN’ SWITCH CLOSURE (OR EQUIVALENT) ON THE INPUT CAUSES THE DISPLAY TO INCREMENT BY ONE • RESET DISPLAY TO ZERO WITH FRONT PUSHBUTTON Pin 1 Silver Mark

22. SCHEMATIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS TO COMMUNICATE THE DESIGN IN A STANDARD WAY

23. Assignment • Read Lab 3 Procedure Carefully