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Exploring the Information Society - Innovations, Issues and Impacts. Steve Wheeler Faculty of Education. Information E x p l o s i o n. Education and Learning. To Support the Industrial Revolution, factories were transformed into machines and workers into parts of those machines
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Exploring the Information Society- Innovations, Issues and Impacts SteveWheeler Faculty of Education
Information E x p l o s i o n
Education and Learning • To Support the Industrial Revolution, factories were transformed into machines and workers into parts of those machines • Schools followed exactly the same model of machine perfection • They became assembly lines mass-producing human power to fuel the Industrial Society
The Knowledge Economy Industrial Economy Status Quo Labour vs Management Cost Local/National One size fits all Just in case Isolated Four year Degree
The Knowledge Economy Industrial Economy Knowledge Economy Status Quo Dynamic Labour vs Management Collaboration Cost Return on investment Local/National Global Network One size fits all Tailored Just in case Just in time Isolated Virtual Communities Four year Degree Lifelong Learning
Information and Communication Technologies • Computers • Telecommunications • Internet and WWW • Software • Networks • Teaching and Learning!!!
Technology Supported Learning • Any Time Any Place • Student Centred • Resource Rich • Personalised • Teacher as a Resource
Student Centred Learning • Flexible learning: • at own pace • variable timescale • location independent • variable workspace • Teacher as a resource • Personal technologies • Variety of learning modes • Learning preferences catered for
To reach 50 million users... • Radio - 38 Years • Television - 17 Years • Cable – 14 Years • Internet - 4 Years
Internet Use • 300 Million+ users worldwide (Sept 2004) • 1 Billion Web pages (87% in English) • 72 million new users each year (140 new users each second) • Internet connections double in number every 90 days
Computer Use • Most new jobs will occur in computer related fields • 80% of these will not exist yet • By 2008 50% of workers will be employed in industries that produce ICT or will be dependent upon it
C4S Convergence • Computers, Communication, Consumer Electronics, Content, Services • By 2008 the average adult will consume: • 2700 Calories of food • 3 Litres of fluid • 30 GB of digital information • 2008 Bandwidth exceeds computing power • Unlimited bandwidth: 6.4 Terabits (102) over a single sub fibre ( = all the TV programmes globally, plus all voice communication)
Adoption of Innovations Early Majority Late Majority Early Adopters Laggards Innovators 2.5% 13.5% 34% 34% 16% Source: Rogers, E. (1983) Diffusion of Innovations
Adoption of Technology Techno-Realists Techno-Sceptics Technophiles Techno-Luddites Techno-Romantics Wheeler (2003) Adapted from Rogers (1983)
Disruptive Technologies The ‘Killer Application’ A Technology that ‘disrupts’ our way of life or changes it beyond recognition in some way Examples?
Moore’s Law Source: Downes & Mui (2000) Unleashing the Killer App. p 22 Transistors per chip 1 000 000 000 100 000 000 10 000 000 1 000 000 100 000 10 000 1000 1286 The complexity of an integrated circuit, with respect to the minimum component cost, will double every 18 months. 886 Pentium i486 i386 i286 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Metcalf’s Law Utility Generally, as more users buy into a new product, so the costs of manufacturing decrease, and prices fall, in turn encouraging more buyers. Utility = Users2 Source: Downes & Mui (2000) Unleashing the Killer App. p 25 Users
Internet host computers (Millions) Birth of aNetwork 25 20 15 10 5 Nov1997 “Computer hardware, software and networks had been building up their user bases for decades, using closed standards… The Internet on the other hand, has always been based on public, open standards”. July 1997 Sep 1996 Apr 1996 Jan 1995 Source: Downes & Mui (2000) Unleashing the Killer App. p 27 July 1989 (130,000 ) Timeline
Current Research Areas in ICT • Transactional distance theory • Cognitive load theory • Benefits analysis • ‘Telepresence’ and distributed social interaction • Student motivation • Individual differences in learning • On-line moderation • Creativity
The Future... • Integrated technology • Mobile personal technologies • Tele-collaboration • Digital books / paper • Wearable computers • Tele-immersion • ? Any-time any-place learning
University of PlymouthFaculty of Education Steve Wheeler Senior Lecturer in ICT & Education steve.wheeler@plymouth.ac.uk www2.plymouth.ac.uk/distancelearning/