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Spanish Civil War 1936

Spanish Civil War 1936. Ms Leslie History 12. Back Ground. Spain in Decline for 100’s of years Mostly ruled by landowners, the army and the Catholic Church Opposition comes from Land Hungry peasants, Workers and Nationalists in Catalonia and Basque

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Spanish Civil War 1936

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  1. Spanish Civil War1936 Ms Leslie History 12

  2. Back Ground • Spain in Decline for 100’s of years • Mostly ruled by landowners, the army and the Catholic Church • Opposition comes from Land Hungry peasants, Workers and Nationalists in Catalonia and Basque • 1921 – Try to put down revolt in Spanish Morocco – failed • 1923 – General Primo de Rivera takes power from King Alfonso XIII • 1931 – elections bring victory to republicans and King Alfonso abdicates

  3. Alfonzo

  4. politics • Cortes (parliament) is Center-Left • Separation of church and state • Army officers forced in to retirement • Industrial wages increased

  5. Anarchists and Syndicates want to over throw capitalist system - riots and strikes • 1933 government guards torch villages to smoke out the anarchists • Public opinion is changed as a result • Nov 1933 Right wing government elected • Reforms of last government reversed

  6. 1934 – terrorist attacks – general strikes • Right fears communist revolutions • Government brutally puts down the revolts with army unites led by General Francisco Franco

  7. 1936 • February – Popular Front Government elected in • Right wing leader in custody is murdered • CIVIL WAR – Nationalists vs Republicans • Republicans = current government, socialists, Communists, Stalin supported, International Brigades. • Nationalists = The church, the Army and the Falange (Spain’s Fascist group)Franco, Right wing, well trained, Hitler and Mussolini supported

  8. Barricades

  9. American Sniper Casualty

  10. Displaced Children

  11. Franco • Used the Falange Party to get the upper hand • Is not considered a fascist until he is in power

  12. War of attrition rages for 3 years • Nationalists have most ground • Guernica – April 26, 1937 • Nationalists win when they take the Capital in 1939

  13. Geurnica flattened

  14. World’s Reaction • France initially sent help • But with drew shortly afterwards because of pressure from Britain • France did not want European countries to intervene – Isolationism • 500,000 – 1 million died in war; not counting those who starved or died of disease. • http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-video/558032/18883/Spanish-Republicans-abandoned-by-the-democracies-and-relying-on-aid

  15. Impact of European Affairs • Hitler learned that Democracies won’t stand up to ring wing aggression. • Stalin learned he could not trust the UK and France would help him if Germany attacked. • Britain started to re-arm

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