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Spanish Civil War 1936. Ms Leslie History 12. Back Ground. Spain in Decline for 100’s of years 1921 – Try to put down revolt in spanish Morrocco – failed 1923 – General Primo de Rivera takes power from King Alfonso XIII
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Spanish Civil War1936 Ms Leslie History 12
Back Ground • Spain in Decline for 100’s of years • 1921 – Try to put down revolt in spanish Morrocco – failed • 1923 – General Primo de Rivera takes power from King Alfonso XIII • 1931 – elections bring victory to republicans and King Alfonso abdicates
politics • Cortes (parliament) is Center-Left • Separation of church and state • Army officers forced in to retirement • Industrial wages increased
Anarchists and Syndicates want to over throw capitalist system • 1933 government guards torch villages to smoke out the anarchists • Nov 1933 Right wing government elected • Reforms of last government reversed
1934 – terrorist attacks – general strikes • Right fears communist revolutions • Government brutally puts down the revolts
1936 • February – Popular Front Government elected in • Right wing leader in custody is murdered • CIVIL WAR – Nationalists vs Republicans • Republicans = current government, Liberal, Stalin supported, International Brigades. • Nationalists = Franco, Right wing, well trained, Hitler and Mussolini supported
War of attrition rages for 3 years • Nationalists have most ground • Guernica – April 26, 1937 • Nationalists win when they take the Capital in 1939
World’s Reaction • France initially sent help • But with drew shortly afterwards • France did not want European countries to intervene – Isolationism • 500,000 – 1 million died in war; not counting those who starved or died of disease. • http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-video/558032/18883/Spanish-Republicans-abandoned-by-the-democracies-and-relying-on-aid