Words (P29-37)

1. Words (P29-37) • concern关心 • ban 禁止 • pure 纯的 • unique 独特的 • access 进入 • character 文字 • bark 叫 • racial 人种的 • gentle 温柔的 • embarrass 使尴尬 • backwards 向后 • conclusion 结论 • custom 风俗 • interrupt 插嘴 • mistaken 错误的 • ought to 应当

2. P25--37 词组 • 为…担心；关心 show concern for be concerned about 某人担忧的是… One’s concern is… • 禁止某人做… ban sb. from doing 禁止做… ban doing sth. • …的通道 the access to… 有（使用）…的权利/机会 have (no) access to • 为…感到尴尬 be embarrassed about 令某人尴尬的是… to one’s embarrassment • 下结论draw/come to/reach/arrive at a conclusion • 打断某人 interrupt sb. • 应该/应当做… ought (not) to do

3. Grammar Noun Clauses

4. 什么是名词性从句？ • We study English. • I’m a teacher. You look beautiful. • This is my classmate, Li Lei. 注意： 以上都是由名词或名词性短语充当主、宾、表、同位语。当充当这些成分的是一个从句时，这个从句就叫做名词性从句。 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句

5. Attention 主语 宾语 表语 同位语 名词性从句 从句 根据从句在复合句中所作成分的不同

6. Find the clauses and tell the function of them: 1. You knowthat I am a teacher of English. 2. That I am a teacher of English is known to you all . 3. It is known to you all that I am a teacher of English. 4. The fact that I am a teacher of English is known to you all. 5. I am worried about whether you can do well in the exam. 6. What I am worried about is whether you can do well in the exam. that I am a teacher of English 宾从 That I am a teacher of English 主语从句 that I am a teacher of English 主语从句 that I am a teacher of English 同位语从句 whether you can do well in the exam. 宾语从句 What I am worried about whether you can do well in the exam. 主语从句 表语从句

7. Attention 名词性从句用陈述语序 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ) F T

8. Attention 名词性从句引导词 诀窍：⑴找出从句 ⑵看空格在从句中所作成分 ⑶参考句意，缺什么选什么，什么都不缺用that 不作任何成分，无词义 不作任何成分，“是否” what, who, whose, which, how, when, where, why

9. Fill in the blanks using “that/ whether / where/ how/when” 1. I have no idea _________ he comes from.2. ________ he got the money is still uncertain.3. He gave us many suggestions ________ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4. I have no doubt ________ he will win.5. I have some doubt ________ he will win. 6. The thing that troubles me is ______ to head for Europe. where How that that whether when

10. Attention “it”在名词性从句中的特殊用法 主语从句可用it 作形式主语，将真正的主语从句置后 Whether Mr. Li will come or not doesn’t matter to us. =It doesn’t matter to us whether Mr. Li will come or not. 当宾语从句后还有一个补足语时，要用it 作形式宾语， 将真正的宾语从句置于补足语后。 I think it impossible that we will finish the task on time. I find it difficult

11. 1. The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem. • A. it B. this C. that D. him • [解析] A此处 it用作形式宾语. √

12. 2. In fact is still hard to say whether the students can finish the task without any trouble. • A. this B. that C. there D. it • [解析] D此处it用作形式主语. √

13. it 可代替主语从句、 V-ing、to do作形式主语 注意： 以上是一个主语从句作主语，有时作主语的也可以是是V-ing或to do，如： Wasting your time reading such books is no use. To learn English well is important. =It is no use wasting your time reading such books . = It is important to learn English well . Whether Mr. Li will come or not doesn’t matter to us. =It doesn’t matter to us whether Mr. Li will come or not.

15. Review the function of “it” 1. It’s a book. (指代) 2. It’s over ten o’clock. (时间) 3. It’s raining outside. (天气) 4. It’s a long way to the museum. (距离)

16. Empty subject “it”: • 1. We can use it as an empty subject. • when we use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence. • a. (preferable) It is certain that we would not be able to understand Old English today. = • (correct) That we would not be able to understand Old English today is certain.

17. b. (preferable) It is easy to answer whether English will continue changing in the future. = (correct) Whether English will continue changing in the future is easy to answer. c. (preferable) It depends on the style of writing when we use certain words. = (correct) When we use certain words depends on the style of writing.

18. B. when the subject is a to-infinitive. a. (preferable) It is hard to master a foreign language. = (correct) To master a foreign language is hard. b. (preferable) It is important to know how to use a computer. = (correct) To know how to use a computer is important.

19. C. when the subject is a v-ing form. a. ( preferable) Smoking is difficult to stop. = (correct) It is difficult to stop smoking. b. (preferable) Travelling to Beijing takes up a lot of my time. = (correct) It takes a lot of my time travelling to Beijing.

20. Tip We usually use the empty subject itwith a clause or to-infinitive (preferable), but with the v-ing form we prefer the real subject at the beginning.

21. 2. It can also be used before seem, appear, happen, chance, turn out and prove as the empty subject of a sentence. • It seems that he speaks two languages. = • He seems to speak two languages. • b. It happens that my new neighbourcomes from my home town. = • My new neighbor happens to come from my home town.

22. Other important cases of noun clauses: I.同位语从句和定语从句的区别: 1. 定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。 2. 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.

23. Attributive or Appositive 1. We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. AT AP 1. The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2. The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value. AP AT

24. II.疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别： ①疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. You can choose whatever you like in the shop. ②疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如： Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,  Whatever you do, you must do it well.  ③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。 No matter what you do, you must do it well.  No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 

25. 高考链接 1. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 2. The photographs will show you ____．A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like D B

26. 3. What the doctors really doubt is _____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. if C. whether D. why 4. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped. A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that 5. ______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who C A C

27. 6. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 7. Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future. A. that B. how C. such D. so A B

28. 8. Scientists think that the continents _____ always where they _____ today. A. aren’t; are  B. aren’t; were    C. weren’t; are   D. weren’t; were A D

29. Finish the following dialogue Jerry: I’m a journalist from China, congratulations on winning the election of President. Obama: Thank you! J: I often wonder you have so many fans and supporters. O: I am really grateful. It is their support and faith in me make me successful. J: The fact your are the first black President brings hope to many people all over the world. O: I can imagine. I will try my best regardless of the result I will make it or not. why that that whether

30. J: We all know you have a quite happy family and your two daughters are so lovely. O: Oh, you bet (当然). I enjoy the moment I’m with my family. is relaxing and pleasant to play with my daughters. J: And your wife also plays an important part in your whole life, right? O: That’s I feel and she’ also a good mother. J: My last question is you will take the post? (上任) O: In January, 2009. J: Thank you for sparing me so much time. O: You are welcome. when It what when

31. Homework Finish the exercises on page 100. And preview the instructions in the Task.