Trans-Confessional Movements and Christian Renewal

1. Trans-Confessional Movements andChristian Renewal

2. Definitions: Revival Revival is: • A sovereign work of the Holy Spirit among God’s people, the Church. • Usually preceded or accompanied by passionate corporate intercessory prayer. • Often accompanied by a deep conviction of sin, repentance, restitution. • Often followed by a manifestation of God’s presence and power, a subsequent joy, and a spirit of worship. • Fruitful in a deepening or resurgence of Christian life and witness. Revival is not: • Of human origin, though prayer contributes to the Spirit’s outpouring. • Organized by Christians who obey a set of principles, though in the Second Awakening this appeared to be valid. • A series of evangelistic meetings.

3. Definitions: Awakening An Awakening: • Is a wider movement of the Holy Spirit that often begins with the revival of a group of Christians but then impacts nominal and backsliding Christians. • Stimulates a deep concern about the relationship with God of many who were previously careless about sin and ungodliness. • Usually causes many to seek God, attend places of worship and increases church membership. • Generates new structures and visions and result in new networks and movements to spread the Gospel. • Results in a large increase in people volunteering for Christian work and a surge in the sending out of missionaries to the ends of the earth.

4. Definitions: People Movement A People Movement: • Is often the result of revival in the cultures of the missionaries who first bring the message of the Gospel to a people without a knowledge of the Bible or the Gospel. • Is a turning to Christ of many of a specific people group or population which had previously had little or no contact with the Gospel. • Is a work of the Holy Spirit within a specific culture that not only makes the Gospel relevant within that culture, but also changes that culture to conform more to biblical standards. • Should be followed with careful discipling, leadership development and Scripture translation.

5. The Six Major Awakenings

6. Evangelical Awakenings18th-19th Centuries Greenland Volga, Russia 1733 1764 England Labrador 1738 1752 Native Americans 1742 St Thomas 1732 Herrnhut India Jamaica 1768 1754 Suriname 1736 Moravian Pioneer missions South Africa 1738 Awakenings: 1st 1728 - 1790

7. Evangelical Awakenings18th-19th Centuries Herrnhut Moravian Pioneer missions Methodist revival Whitfield and Wesleys 1738+ Awakenings: 1st 1728 - 1790

8. Evangelical Awakenings18th-19th Centuries Norway Sweden UK NovaScotia Herrnhut USA Awakenings: 1st 2nd 1790 - 1812 1728 - 1790

9. Evangelical Awakenings 18th-19th Centuries Norway Sweden Finland UK Switzerland USA Khasi Hills Pacific Islands Tonga Tahiti S. India Samoa Fiji East Indies Madagascar South Africa Awakenings: 1st 2nd 3rd 1790 - 1812 1813 - 1859 1728 - 1790

10. Evangelical Awakenings 18th-19th Centuries Norway Sweden Finland UK Ukraine Canada Germany USA Armenians Japan Khasi Hills Burma S. India Batak, Nias, Sumatra Java Australia Madagascar South Brazil Chile New Zealand South Africa Awakenings: Persecution 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1790 - 1812 1813 - 1859 1860 - 1899 1728 - 1790

11. Evangelical Awakenings 20th Century Scandinavia Manchuria Japan Korea Punjab Modern Pentecostalism China Jamaica NE India Maha- rashtra SE Nigeria S. India Côte d’Ivoire Batak Nias S Brazil Madagascar Australia S Africa Chile Argentina Welsh 1900 - 1914 • The Welsh Revival and its global influence –shown by red lines • The Welsh connection with the Pentecostal outpouring in USA and elsewhere was less direct, but valid –shown by green lines

12. Evangelical Awakenings 20th Century Lewis NE Scotland Ulster E. Anglia USA Korea China Cuba Garo Mexico Toraja Ethiopia PNG E Africa Congo Brazil Madagascar E. Malaysia Argentina 1900 - 1914 1914 - 1964 • Evangelicalism in the West was marginalized and in retreat. • There continued to be revivals and people movements around the world, the most significant being the East African Revival, the USA, Korea, Brazil and China (before the persecutions of Communism).

13. Evangelical Awakenings 20th Century 1980s 1990s 1960s 1970s Prairies, Canada Romania Toronto 1980 S.Korea 1967 Jesus people 1994 Pensacola -1965 USA Nepal 1995 Iran 1980+ 1967 Kabyle, Algeria China 1980 1980+ Cuba 1984 Philippines 1988 S.Sudan Guatemala 1988+ 1995 1976 Papua Ethiopia Nigeria 1960s Colombia 1989 1990s Bengkulu 1960s Brazil 1980s Java 1965 Quechua, Peru 1970s 1970 1965 Solomon Is. 1990s Kwasizabantu, S. Africa 1986 Aymara Bolivia 2003 Argentina 1965 W.Timor 1966 New Zealand 1965 1982 1980s 1900 - 1914 1914 - 1964 1964 – • Evangelical resurgence after 1964. • A massive awakening affecting mainly Latin America, Asia and Africa.

14. Evangelical Awakenings & Persecution 20th Century by Various by Muslims by Hindus by Communists N.Korea Romania 1910-2010 1945-90 Nepal 1980-2008 S.Korea Iran 1910-1953 Kabyle, Algeria China 1980-2010 1947-2010 S.Sudan 1984-2010 1960-2010 Ethiopia 1975-90 Nigeria Kenya 1980-2010 1952-60 Java Uganda Congo 1990-2010 1971-79 1964 Afrikaners Madagascar 1900-01 1905 Persecution 1914 - 1964 1900 - 1914 1964 – • Many Awakenings have been accompanied or followed by persecution. • The persecutors have mainly been Communists and Muslims.

15. Christian Renewal • Will the present momentum be maintained? • Are the leaders of today preparing leaders for the next generation? • Will there be a continued passion for God’s glory and fulfilment of the Great Commission? • How can we communicate a positive message of God’s present working, and expectant hope for the soon fulfilment of the Great Commission?

16. Conclusion