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A s i a , T h e S p i c e L a n d s

A s i a , T h e S p i c e L a n d s. Europeans had traded with Asia long before the Renaissance. . The crusades had opened a door of desire for trade goods from Asia. When the Mongols conquered much of Asia(1200’s- 1300’s ), Asian goods began to flow into Europe.

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A s i a , T h e S p i c e L a n d s

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  1. Asia,TheSpiceLands

  2. Europeans had traded with Asia long before the • Renaissance.. The crusades had opened a door of • desire for trade goods from Asia. • When the Mongols conquered much of Asia(1200’s- • 1300’s), Asian goods began to flow into Europe. • Early Travelers used the Mongolian protected trade • routes into Asia.

  3. Marco Polo, Italian explorer - arrived in China • A.D.1271 • He stayed 17 years & wrote a book about his life • in China – The first written account of China, by a • European. • His book inspired Chris Columbus • and later Explorers are going to use sea routes to • travel into Asia.

  4. Mongolia China - 1000’sA.D. to 1400’s Nomadic Clans {groups based on families} carried out a series of invasions that transformed the culture of eastern Asia and Europe. Mongolian’s will rule China for about 100 years.

  5. Genghis Khan • During the 1100’s Mongols were the • dominant nomadic group. • Expert fighters on horseback • & users of the bow and arrow. • Temujin, Also known as Genghis • Khanunited many clans under one • government – a great military leader- • created a large empire. • By A.D 1200’s the Mongols Territoryextended from China to • the western frontiers of Europe. • Many of the great trade routes ran through the Mongol Empire. • Encouraged close contact between the Eastern and Western • societies (something the Chinese hated). • The Mongols will adopt the ideas and ways of the conquered • Chinese. • Mongols will thrive do to their protection of the trade routes.

  6. -Yuan Dynasty- A.D.1260-1294 • Ruled by the Mongols led first by Kublai Khan{Genghis Khan’s grandson}. • In 1271, Kublai established the Yuan Dynasty, which at that time ruled over present-day Mongolia, North China, much of Western China. Kublai Khan • Under pressure from his Mongolian advisors, • Kublai decided to invade Japan, Burma, Vietnam • and Java which will be a costly failure.

  7. -China- • Located in Southeast Asia along the coastline of the • Pacific Ocean, China is the world's third largest country • Invented a compass, Gunpowder and a Ships rudder. • Portugal was first to reach the shores of China during • the Ming Dynasty. • Confucius China had little use for foreigners. They did • not encourage trade with Europe and Middle East. • Trade goods: Rice, Silk, Porcelain, Tea

  8. Around 1405,Zheng Heset sail to explore new places for China. On ships the size of a football field, that carried 500people or more. The first Ming emperor wanted to trumpet Chinese power.

  9. -The Muslim Turks- • Controlled the trade routes between Eastern Asia to Europe. • During the 1390’s – TimurLenk, a Turkish Mughal{means • Mongols}and devout Muslim, spread Islam through out Asia and • into India. • Timur took two of Genghi'sdescendants as wives to link himself • to Genghis Khan. • He went into Russia and most of the Middle East too –created • the City of Samarkand, a great trading and craft center. • Mongol warriors ran a poor gov’t – infighting caused their decline. Diverse Traditions of Asia • Mughal Turks of Asia will start a trading partnership • with the Italians. TimurLenk

  10. -India- • Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and • the Bay of Bengal, between Himalayas and Pakistan. • Around 400s the Gupta empire crumbles and the • Mughals conquer the warring kingdoms. • Good port cites opened for the for trade by the Mughals • Built the TajMahal – 20 years 20,000 workers. • Trade goods: perfume, rugs, cotton, pepper, ginger. Chili Pepper

  11. -Southeast Asia- • Includes: Peninsulas: Vietnam, Laos, Malaysia • Islands: Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines • Tropical climate and with monsoons • Influenced by India and China • Trade Goods: Cinnamon, nutmeg and pepper, cloves

  12. -Korea- • Believed to be descendants of southern Asia. • Korea sits between China and Japan & they • both greatly influenced Korea. • Under the control of China from 109- 313A.D. – • Adopted Chinese culture: Confucianism, Buddhism, • Calligraphy, and Ideas about Gov’t, Art and Sciences. • Defeated Japan’s A.D.1592 attempt to invade Korea. Trade Goods: silk, glass, bronze, pottery, tea, silver

  13. - Japan - • It consists of 4 large Islands: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu • and Hokkaido and many smaller ones. • Have many earthquakes, typhoons and volcanic eruptions. • First descendants were hunters and gathers from the mainland • Most of their food from the sea{only 20% of the land could be farmed}. • Do to heavy summer rain, it is the ideal place to grow rice. • Incorporated many elements of Chinese society into their own: Art, Buddhism, medicine, astronomy and Chinese writing (The characters only). Nara

  14. -Taika Reforms or “Great Change” – • In the 800’s Japanese leaders broke ties • with China(Tang Dynasty). • Society: Colors were important (clothing, paper, etc.); Wrote poetry to start romances; powdered faces white; creative writing was encouraged like the Pillow Book, literature about their daily life.

  15. -Religion- • Japan developed their own type of Buddhism. symbolizes enlightenment, strength, elegance, the universe Zen- individuals had to live in harmony with nature only done by enlightenment: body discipline and meditation. It taught them to act instinctively.

  16. Feudalism - All Japanese land belonged to the emperor- government officials will give out land and collect taxes. • A Bakufu, a military government. • A Warrior’s job was to protect the Feudal lords. Bakufu Shogun: Military and political leader Daimyo: High-ranking samurai lords who provided shogun with warriors in exchange for land. Samurai: Lower-ranking warriors who served their daimyo in exchange for Small manors. Lived by a code of ethics called Bushido Peasants: Lowest class: worked land for their lord.

  17. 7 years later, he tried again and another typhoon destroyed them as well. Japanese called this, “Divine Wind” or Kamikaze. • Mongol invasions - (1185 – 1333 A.D.) • Kublai Khan wanted to conquer Korea and Japan. • Sent 450 ships & 15,000 troops to Japan. A typhoon (hurricane) destroyed them.

  18. -Trade- • Merchant class develops & trade increases- they • formed guilds called ZA. • Traded Goods:pottery, textiles , root ginger, • pearls…

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