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Art History . Hallema Mitchell. Methods and Inquiries of Art. Art then- any kind of visual material that is created and has special meaning Fine Art-paintings, prints, drawings, sculpture, and architecture made for a specific audience
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Art History Hallema Mitchell
Methods and Inquiries of Art • Art then- any kind of visual material that is created and has special meaning • Fine Art-paintings, prints, drawings, sculpture, and architecture made for a specific audience • Art Now- Tattoos, pottery, textiles
Continued • There is no official definition of art, it can be defined many different ways. • “Definitions” Change over time
The Nature of Art Historical Inquiry • Formal Analysis-visual quality, elements of art -line -shape -form -space -texture -value -color
Continued Contextual Analysis- Thinking Outside of the box -Time Period -Religion -Social -Cultural -Economic
Sources, Documents and The Work of Art Historians Close examination of an artwork -original piece -materials used -origin of idea -time period
Development of Art History • Art history came about in the Mid 18th century Ancient Roman historian Pliny the Elder (23-79 C.E) -Natural History (Historical and Contemporary Art) • Giorgio Vasari (1511-74) -Artist and Author -The Lives of the Great Artists -Period of the Renessiance
Continued • Histories are individual stories • Contain Biases Art History has been revised -feminist historians -expanded its scope
Art of The Western World • Study of artifacts • Climate and materials • Unexplored Sites
Art of the Old Stone Age • Paleolithic Period • Chauvet Cave • Found in1994 • Historians use the best information to date artworks from the past • Large colored drawings of animals • Red, Yellow ochre and Charcoal
Middle Stone Age • Mesolithic Period • Change in climate • Created 7000B.C.E- 4000B.C.E) • Depicts human figure and activity
New Stone Age • Neolithic Period • Megaliths (great Stones) • Stonehenge (2100B.C.E) • Rings or rows of rough-hewn stones in Western Europe
Ancient Mesopotamian Art • Sumerian Temples • Ziggurats (step pyramids) -administrative and economic center • Relief Carvings -battles -Sieges -Hunts -important beliefs
Continued • Ishtar Gate -gateway to the ziggurat on the temple Bel -greatest works of architecture
Persian Empire • Present Day Iran • (c. 538 B.C.E-330B.C.E) • Architecture • Persepolis -wood -brick -stone
Ancient Egyptian Art • Sphinx • Great pyramids at Giza • Huge Pharaohs • Queen Nefertiti Head
More Ancient Egyptian Art • Hierarchical Scale- figures or objects to determine their relative sizes within an artwork • Fractional Representation- Each part of the body is shown clearly • Mummification