Construction Waste Management & Recycling Plan for a High rise Building in the UAE

United Arab Emirates University College of Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Training & Graduation Projects Unit Graduation Project 2 Spring 2010 Construction Waste Management & Recycling Plan for a High rise Building in the UAE Coordinator Dr .Tamer Elmaaddawy Advisor Dr. Noura Al-Kaabi

Acknowledgments • Dr. Noura Al-kaabi ----- our advisor • Dr. Tamer Elmaaddawy ---- our coordinator • Dr Munjed --- help us in designing a landfill • Training and Graduation Projects Unit • Our families • Our Country

Introduction • Construction Waste Management is a part of a growing movement toward a sustainable world. • The use of construction waste management techniques which depend on salvage, recycle and reuse of materials have proven to have economic benefits for the construction industry.

Objectives • Finding ways to reduce the construction waste • Evaluate the risk of construction waste • Identify the reduce, reuse, and recycle materials • Study a High rise building • Evaluate alternatives • Design a landfill • Final solution for construction waste management

Why is it important? • UK generate 100 million tone yearly of construction waste • In 2007, a total of 27.7 million tones was removed in Dubai, which is around 75 thousand tones per day. • In 2008 a capacity of 1500 tone per day is generated on sharjah • Abu Dhabi generated 4.7 million tone per year in 2005.

Summary of Achievements in G.P1 • Studied and illustrated the different quantities of construction waste materials in different countries around the world including their types, percentage and method of recycling • Studied and recorded quantities of construction waste in a number of emirates in the UAE, particularly Abu-Dhabi, Dubai and Sharjah which we could have information about. • Studied construction waste hierarchy and concentrated on the 3Rs alternatives; namely reduction, reusing and recycling waste as applicable method for our graduation project. • We defined and classified the different types of the construction waste. • Constructed and formulated a relation between the weight of construction waste and total area of a building in the UAE.

Information • The tables below shows the percentage of the construction waste in the Canada: • Source: Center of waste management ‎ • Source: www.ene.gov.on.ca/programs/4651e.htm‎ UAE Canada

Information about UAE • Overview

UAE Efforts • Sharjah • First recycling plant in UAE on 2007 • Operating by Emirates Environmental Technology Company • Located in AlSaja’a industrial Area. • Dubai • An example of Dubai effort is: • Contracted with company to manage the waste and landfills(Emirates recycling plant) • The main landfills in Dubai • Al-Qissaiss landfill. • Al-Warqqa landfill • Al-Awir landfill • Hatta landfill • Jebel Ali landfill

Abu-Dhabi Efforts • Abu Dhabi Strategy • Avoid classical ways in deal with waste • Separate the waste in sites • Establishment of a centre with full authority • The Center of waste management –Abu Dhabi • Objective of the centre • Thiess company • Built – operation – transfer project

Abu-Dhabi Efforts • Landfills • Abu Dhabi land fills will be under Thiess company management • Example of Abu-Dhabi Landfills: • Aldhafra land fill • ALAIN landfill

Waste hierarchy • Waste hierarchy (3Rs) • Reduce • Re-use • Recycle • Dispose • Reduction methods • Reduction of waste is the third in the hierarchy, coming after recycling and reuse respectively • reduction methods that are used such as • Use standard sizes • Quantities takeoff should be prissily • Plan to reduce off cuts Most favorable

Waste hierarchy • Reused methods • Using an item over again in its current form without significant processing • Recyclable methods • Recycling involves processing used materials into new products. • Process • Collection • Sorting • Manufacturing

Types

Case Study • The site investigation is the main part of the case study • Asking in sites • Data calculated (Al-Ain)

Case Study • Distribution of UAE UAE

Building description Located in Abu Dhabi Residential building 10-story Total area 4138 m2

Waste Distribution

What is landfill Landfill is the dumping of the waste into an open hole in the ground where it is buried. Landfill is now often thought of as the last resort in terms of waste management but in the past it was considered the favored option.

Landfill covers • Daily cover of 6 inches of compacted soil has been used according to the standard • The final cover for the landfill will be two to five feet of soil or a combination of soil and synthetic materials • Future use : (Plane to change the activity) • Financial capacity • Residential building around

Landfill regulation • Location • Monitoring • Operation • Closure • Design • Financial

Detail Design • Study the design alternative • Take the favorable alternative • Managing the construction waste generated of a high rise building

Volume of construction waste over 20 years Can we imagine the volume of construction waste over 20 years ? What will do with this volume ? How can we mange it ? Given Calculation

Alternative No.(1) • In this alternative, we considered reduction methods first, then reusing methods and finally recycling method for the same building. Each method is applied independently

Reduction option • This option was the first one to be considered. • We applied precast structural system method on beams and slabs

Reusing option • Reusing the generated waste from the sites will offer new resource to contractor. • We applied reusing methods to concrete and wood (formwork)

Recycling option • We found out that the recyclable types of the construction waste such us: concrete (aggregate), plastic, metals (steel and aluminum), paper and wood.

Summary of Alternative No.(1) • To find the benefit of alternative No.(1), the three options are shown in Table below together to see the economical benefit of the three options if applied individually.

Alternative No.(2) • For alternative No.(2), the three methods are applied one after the other to the same building and the reminder waste will be sent to the landfill.

Reduction • The first step in alternative No. 2 is to reduce the waste by estimating the percentage of the reduction by using the two methods are precast structural system method on beams and slabs

Reusing • After the reduction step, we took the remained waste for second step which is reusing the rest waste. We applied our methods on concrete and wood (formwork) waste.

Recycling • The remaining waste from step one and two move to the third step which is recycling the waste. We distribute the rest of the waste which is 20% to specialized people to get use of it and recycle the waste for useful usages.

Combining the three methods • In order to find the benefit of alternative No.(2), the three option that shown in table below will be used simultaneously, meaning that, we will have all the benefit.

The location of the landfill • The location of the landfill is Al Ain Industrial City (AAIC) • Reasons: • Road access----------------- is free • Soil conditions--------------Al-Ain soil is suitable • Airport safety---------------it is far away • Built-up areas-------------- it is far away • Flooding of water • Unstable areas • The period of the design is 20 years. • All calculation will be for 20 years

Construction Waste Management & Recycling Plan for a High rise Building in the UAE