1 / 16

Discovering Bacteria: The Microscopic World of Prokaryotes

Unveil the fascinating realm of bacteria with an in-depth exploration of their structures, shapes, reproduction methods, and vital roles in various domains. Learn how these tiny organisms obtain food and energy to thrive in diverse environments.

cheek
Download Presentation

Discovering Bacteria: The Microscopic World of Prokaryotes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Bacteria THEY ARE EVERYWHERE!!!

  2. Parts of a Bacterial Cell • Cell Wall • outer covering that protects the cell • Cell Membrane • Controls what goes in and out of the cell (also called plasma membrane)

  3. Parts of a Bacterial Cell • Cytoplasm • Gel-like material inside the cell membrane • Ribosomes • Chemical factories where proteins are produced • DNA • Genetic material • Contains instructions for all of the cell’s functions

  4. Parts of a Bacterial Cell • Flagellum • Plural Flagella • Long, whip-like structure to help cell move • May have many, 1, or none • Most do not have any & are carried from place to place by: • Air • Water currents • Other objects

  5. 3 Bacterial Shapes • Cocci (Coccus) • Spherical

  6. 3 Bacterial Shapes • Bacilli (Bacillus) • Rod-shaped

  7. 3 Bacterial Cell Shapes • Spirilla (Spirochetes) • Spiral Shaped

  8. ProkaryotesBacteria and Archaea • PROKARYOTES- do not have an organized nucleus • Most known prokaryotes are BACTERIA • Archaea (oldest known) • Can move • Get energy • Can reproduce (usually asexually) • Very small and simple • Eukaryotes- have an organized nucleus • US!!!!!!

  9. Bacterial Reproduction • When bacteria have: 1. Plenty of food 2. Correct temperature 3. Suitable conditions they thrive and reproduce frequently. Some can reproduce as often as every 20 minutes!!!!!!

  10. Bacterial Reproduction • Asexual • Involves only 1 parent and produces offspring identical to the parent • Most bacteria reproduce this way- it is called BINARY FISSION • Cell enlarges • Cell duplicates DNA • Cell and DNA copy start to separate • Cell divides into 2 separate cells (identical)

  11. Binary Fissionhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLpFJ1JeRYs

  12. Bacterial Reproduction • Sexual • Two parents combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents • Sometimes occurs • Have to be really special conditions • Called: • CONJUGATION http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-EdX4MaMFE http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/week7/bacterial_conjugation.mov

  13. Bacterial Reproduction • Endospore Formation • Sometimes conditions are harsh for bacteria to survive • Form Endospores for survival • Endospores- small, rounded, thick-walled, restless cell that forms inside a bacterial cell • Contains cells genetic material & cytoplasm

  14. Domain BacteriaFood and Energy • Bacteria must have: • A source of food • A way of breaking down the food to release its energy • Bacteria are classified on how they get their food

  15. Domain BacteriaFood and Energy • Autotroph (producer) • Make their own food by: • Capture and use sun’s energy (like plants do) • Use energy from chemical substances in their environment to make food Examples: bacteria in pond cause the green cloudy scum in water, bacteria in hot springs use chemical energy to make food • Heterotroph (consumer) • Consume other organisms or the food other organisms make • Example: bacteria in yogurt breaks down the sugars in milk for food • Decomposer • Break down and feed off of dead organisms • Saprophytes • Break down dead leaves in the fall

  16. Domain Archaea • Don’t all have a cell wall • 3 types • Heat lovers • Found in really hot environments • Ocean vents, hot springs, geysers • Salt lovers • Found in areas with high salt content • Oceans, The Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake • Methane lovers • Found in swamps or animal intestines • Really stinky!!

More Related