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Sustainable Urban Transport in Asia - Case study of BMTC

Sustainable Urban Transport in Asia - Case study of BMTC. by Upendra Tripathy, IAS MD, BMTC, Bangalore. NEKRTC. NWKRTC. BMTC. KSRTC. National and Asia Pacific Awards for BMTC. UITP Asia Pacific Award for Outstanding Achievements in the field of Affordable Public Transport 2002-2003

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Sustainable Urban Transport in Asia - Case study of BMTC

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  1. Sustainable Urban Transport in Asia - Case study of BMTC by Upendra Tripathy, IAS MD, BMTC, Bangalore

  2. NEKRTC NWKRTC BMTC KSRTC

  3. National and Asia Pacific Awards for BMTC • UITP Asia Pacific Award for Outstanding Achievements in the field of Affordable Public Transport 2002-2003 • Award for Minimum Operational Cost (City Services) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 • Union Surface Transport Minister’s Award for Lowest accident Rates for 2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003 and 2003-04 • Award For Fuel efficiency 2002-2003

  4. Financial Status of BMTC Rs. Crores 1997-98 1996-97

  5. Growth of Bangalore 1537 to 2001 N 1537 1862 1941 1971 1981 1991 2001 Town -1537 Town 1862 Bangalore Municipality-1941 Bangalore UA - 1971 Bangalore UA - 1981 Bangalore UA - 1991 Bangalore UA - 2001

  6. NH4 Tumkur Road NH4 To Madras Magadi Road Sarjapur Road Mysore Road NH 7Hosur road Bannerghatta Road Major Road Peripheral Ring Road Minor Road NH7 Bellary Road Road framework proposed Intermediate Ring Road Core Ring Road Primary Urban Road Outer Ring Road

  7. 96% Citizens’ Satisfaction • The Third Citizens’ Report Card on Bangalore’s Public Service brought out by Public Affairs Centre rates BMTC on the top with 96% Overall Citizens’ Satisfaction

  8. Fossil Fuel consumption in Bangalore City Source IOC

  9. BMTC at a Glance • The Corporation came into existence from 15-8-1997 after bifurcation from KSRTC • Present Status(Daily): • Schedules operated…. 3691 • No.of buses held….. 3820 • Kms operated per day….. 8.32 lakhs • No.of trips operated……. 52,117 • Public Private Partnership… 645 • Area Covered………….. 3850 Sq. Kms • Infrastructure • Depots… 25 • Bus stations.. 29 • Staff Employed… 16933 • Passengers Carried…. Around 30 lakhs • Staff Ratio per Schedule… 5.6 • 4.6( With Private)

  10. Financial Strength EPKM and CPKM (In Paise) EPKM CPKM

  11. STU’s Cost Recovery in Percentage

  12. Reasons for Profit • Improvement in Operational efficiency • Tax rationalization by Government • Commuter friendly measures • Introduction of public-private partnership • Increase in commercial revenue • Reimbursement by Government • 7. Rationalization of Routes • 8. Diesel procurement through Tendering • 9. Tendering of Chassis procurement • 10. Prompt Payment Discount system • 11. Training of personnel at Depots • 12. Swapping of Loans

  13. Systems Improvement Programmes-IT IT Initiatives: E-Services • E-Depot • Depot activities are computerized • E-Pass Booking • Introduced Internet based Bus pass booking system

  14. Systems Improvement Programmes-IT IT Initiatives: E-Services • E-Route Information • Introduced Internet based Bus route Information system • E-Salary • Introduced Electronic Clearance System (ECS) for salary disbursement to staff through ICICI

  15. Systems Improvement Programmes-IT IT Initiatives: E-Services • E-Procurement • Introduced E-Tendering System for Public Procurement • E-Cart • Introduced E-Cart System for quick CC services • E-GPS • On-line Vehicles tracking and monitoring on the anvil • BMTC on Web:www.bmtcinfo.com

  16. Systems Improvement Programmes IT Initiatives: E-Services • I T for Transparency in Recruitment • Software for recruitment designed in-house • 4000 candidates recruited in conformity to Govt. regulations and rules • Out sourced to Police, Health & Forest departments • Issuing passes (students and Commuter Pass with the assistance of digital camera)

  17. Growth of Vehicular Population Numbers (As on 31-7-04)

  18. Growth of BMTC Vehicles (In Numbers) (As on 20-11-2004)

  19. Avg. Ambient Air Quality Bangalore • g/m3 (Figures in brackets indicate Limits), Source: KSPCB

  20. Population and Fleet Strength In Urban STUs • City(STUs) Population No.of Buses in the • (Millions)(1-3-2001)* STUs(2003-04) • Bangalore(BMTC) 5.69 3460 • Delhi(DTC) 12.79 3398 • Mumbai(BEST) 16.37 3382 • Chennai(CNI) 6.42 2773 • Ahmadabad(AMTC) 4.52 620 • Source:www.citypopulation.de

  21. Share of Pollution Load by BMTC • As per the TERI report Pollution load of BMTC: < 0.02% of total daily city pollution load • As per the SIDA report Model Fleet in Urban Transport Travelling commuters in BMTC 3.0 million/day

  22. Effects of Pollution • Studies reveal : Diesel emissions are roughly 2.3 times more carcinogenic than Petrol • 90% of emissions is less than 1 micron • Smaller the particles, deeper they penetrate your LUNGS! (There is no SAFE level for particulates..) • Chronic exposure to 1 gm/ m3 can result in 300 cases of lung cancer / million

  23. Steps to Reduce Vehicular Pollution • Improved quality of Fuel and Lubricant oil • Decongesting the Traffic flow through priority for mass transportation • Technological improvement • Proper maintenance & upkeep of vehicles • Strict enforcement of motor vehicle rules

  24. Aim of BMTC • To reduce the personalized mode of transportation • BMTC has come out with a policy to induct 1000 Parisara Vahini Buses before Oct-2005 there by increasing fleet size to 4330

  25. Smooth Flow of Traffic • Dedicated lanes for BMTC buses • Making roads one way only • Diversion of heavy vehicles through operation on ring roads • Introduction of ring road services and Trunk route services • Introduction of Vestibule high capacity buses on peak routes

  26. Technological Improvements • Introduction of Euro II buses in BMTC (Parisara vahini) • Reducing oil consumption through improvement in engine design • Optimization of fuel efficiency through de rating of Fuel injection pumps- Delayed injection reduces NOx emission but on the other hand particulate increases, optimum design is required

  27. Technological Improvements(Contd) • Introduction of Honge oil (Bio Fuel) on a trial run in Two of BMTC buses which has shown reduction in emission levels especially SOx • Introduction of Diesel particulate Filters(DPF) on a trial run in 4 buses to reduce SPM and RSPMs

  28. India & Euro-I Norms for Diesel

  29. Exhaust NOx Vs Speed

  30. m3 oC cSt ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials IBP: Initial Boiling Point cSt: centiStokes

  31. Trail Run Results

  32. OUR EXPERIENCE WITH BIO FUELS

  33. Diesel Particulate filter (DPF) • DPF developed by BHEL, Bangalore • Field trials by BMTC, Bangalore

  34. Results of field tests carried in Training Bus using DPF • No. Of cycles run (total ) : 11 • Without regeneration : 5 • With regeneration system : 6 • Typical Km per cycle : 622 km ( 2 days) • Total Km run : 12,200 km • Smoke density ( average value) : • Without DPF : 60 % • With DPF : 15 % • Average soot collection : 0.4 gm/km • Average time for regeneration : 30 min /day • Cost of Re-generation : 2 Ps/km • (towards consumption of power)

  35. Proper Maintainace of Vehicles • Adhering to timely Preventive maintenance schedules for all buses, • Daily Maintenance-includes Tyre pressure, brakes • Weekly maintenance –includes Atomizers, Filters etc • Docking- Overhaul of major assemblies • Fitness certificate renewal

  36. Environmental Concerns • All depots equipped with emission testing units • All vehicles are subjected to emission check every month • Year No.of Checks No.of defects • 1997-98 7080 1102 • 1998-99 12298 1494 • 1999-00 21480 1323 • 2000-01 26567 687 • 2001-02 27868 168 • 2002-03 28589 59 • 2003-04 30070 24 • Introduced “Parisara Vahini” Buses • Use of Ultra Low sulpher HSD • Rs. 1000/- award for information • On polluting vehicles • v Percentage Defects

  37. Regular Vehicle Emission Testing for Pollution Norms

  38. Achievement - Status LF 67.8% LF 73.9% Avg. Passengers carried / Day(lakhs) • Only profit making Urban Transport Undertaking in the country with positive Net worth and no accumulated losses • Holding youngest fleet in the Country (3.73 years, 3.10 lakh kms) • Declining Accident rate Accident Rate/ Lakh Kms

  39. PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS Cancellations Percentage

  40. Vehicle Utilisation (Kms)

  41. KMPL (Kms.)

  42. Breakdowns Numbers (Breakdown Rate / 10,000 kms) (0.55) (0.49) (0.44) (0.36) (0.19) (0.15) (0.12)

  43. Rate of Accidents

  44. We are trying for… • Emissions warranty from manufacturers • Reduce Sulphur content in Diesel • Reduce Benzene content in Petrol • Improved traffic management measures • Phase out of commercial as well as private vehicles above certain age - use of Emission based tax ( Green Tax in force need to be Revised)

  45. Thank You

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