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Mechanical Safety

Mechanical Safety. 29 CFR 1910.210. Machine Sitting. Bearing Capacity of the soil (or) the foundation should be checked. The proximity of hazard, such as nearby structures, overhead electric conductors etc. should be checked. Mechanical Hazards. Mechanical hazards may occur in

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Mechanical Safety

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  1. Mechanical Safety 29 CFR 1910.210

  2. Machine Sitting • Bearing Capacity of the soil (or) the foundation should be checked. • The proximity of hazard, such as nearby structures, overhead electric conductors etc. should be checked.

  3. Mechanical Hazards • Mechanical hazards may occur in • Point of operation • All parts of the machine which move, such as: • Pulleys, belts, couplings, chains, cranks, gears, etc. • feed mechanisms and auxiliary parts of the machine • In-running nip points

  4. Rotating Parts

  5. Machine Guarding • All rotating & Moving parts of machines should be guarded • Guards should not be removed when the machine is ON. • Guard removed for maintenance should be replaced as soon as possible.

  6. Types of Guards • Fixed: A permanent part of the machine, these guards are typically made of sheet metal, screen, wire, bars, or plastic. • Interlocked: They control the action of the machine by automatically shutting it off if the interlocked guards are opened or removed. • Adjustable: These barriers can be manually adjusted to accommodate various sizes and shapes of material. • Self-adjusting: They open just enough to accept different sizes of stock, and then automatically return to the reset position.

  7. Access to Machineries • Safe and adequate means of access including hand rails shall be provided to all parts where a person may have to walk, climb or work. • It has to restrict unauthorized entry of workers.

  8. Access to Machineries

  9. Emergency Stop • All the machineries must have an emergency stop switch. • It should be easily visible & well marked. • It should be easily reachable. • If operated, the machine must stop completely without any delay.

  10. Maintenance Procedures • Work-permit system shall be implemented • Maintenance shall be done only by authorized personnel • No repair & maintenance works while the machine in operation • Electric Power shall be shut off and relevant fuses removed. • Lock out / Tag out system shall be followed.

  11. Fire Prevention • A Stored Pressure type Dry Chemical Powder fire extinguisher shall be provided nearby all the machineries. • Extinguishers should be inspected & maintained • Operator to be trained on use of fire extinguisher

  12. Earth moving & Lifting Machinery • The Operator shall be adequately, protected from weather by providing a cabin. • The windows shall be provided with toughened safety glass and wipers. • Arrangement of the controls & Seat should permit safe operation of the machinery without undue fatigue and discomfort. • Seat Belt for the Operator to be provided, with guardrails and toe guards.

  13. Brakes & Controls • Hoisting motions shall be fitted with brakes and locks • Effective braking devices shall be provided on the wheels of the machinery. • Manual parking brake acting on the driving wheels shall also be provided.

  14. Operators & Drivers The Operators and Driver shall, • Be Authorized and competent • Possess valid license • Not wear loose clothing • Cover loose hair • Have clear view of the load & operational area • Act upon the instructions of the signaler

  15. Operators & Drivers The Operators and Driver shall • Not leave his cabin while the machine is running or the load is suspended • Switch off the electric power supply or stop the engine and apply appropriate brakes and locks before leaving the machine • Have good vision and undergo the medical test for vision once at least in every two years.

  16. Working near overhead power line • Avoid Working Overhead Power Line. • In unavoidable case the following minimum clearance shall be maintained between the machinery and the line. 11kv and below 1.40m 33 kv and below 3.60m 132 kv and below 4.70m 273 kv and below 5.70m 400 kv and below 6.50m

  17. Earth Moving Equipment Every vehicle or earth moving equipment shall have the following fully functional: • Silencers; • Tail lights; • Power and hand brakes; • Reversing alarm; and • Search light for forward and backward movements

  18. Excavator • Work permit in case of underground utility • Safe clearance overhead electrical Line. • Safe distance from excavations. • Swing Lock to prevent from accidental swinging during operation or transport.

  19. Dozer • When moving uphill, the blade shall be kept low. • When running down the hill the bulldozer shall be in the lowest gear. • Blade shall not be used as brake except in case of emergency. • The blade suspension arrangement shall be inspected once a week.

  20. Batching Plant

  21. Batching Plant • The plant should be operated, only if all safety devices such as interlocks, guards, emergency stops, etc. are in place. • Before starting the plant, it shall be ensured that nobody is working on the plant. • Starting and stopping procedures, control devices / signals shall be followed according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. • No one shall be allowed to enter the danger area.

  22. Crusher Plant

  23. Crusher Plant • Qualified Operators to be employed • All accesses and work platforms with guard rails. • There shall be efficient energy isolation system. • Stop blocks shall be provided to prevent vehicles approaching too near the plant. • Work-permit system shall be implemented for repair and maintenance of the plant. • No persons shall be allowed to enter dump hopper to clear blockages unless the feeder mechanism is stopped and the dumping signal is on “STOP”.

  24. Air Compressor

  25. Air Compressor • To be inspected regularly by qualified and trained employees. • All pipes, hoses, and fittings are to withstand the maximum pressure. • Air supply shutoff valves to be located (as near as possible) at the point-of-operation. • Air hoses to be kept free of grease and oil to reduce the possibility of deterioration (reduction in quality). • Hoses shall not be placed across ground, floors or aisles. When possible, air supply hoses shall be suspended overhead. • Compressed air shall not be used under any circumstances to clean dirt and dust from clothing or of a person’s skin.

  26. Air Compressor • Static electricity can be generated through the use of pneumatic tools. This type of equipment to be grounded. • Rotating & Moving parts, such as compressor flywheels, pulleys, and belts are to be guarded • Each air receiver to be equipped with at least one pressure gauge and safety valve of the proper design. • A safety (spring loaded) release valve to be installed to prevent the receiver from exceeding the maximum allowable working pressure. • Air receiver shall be identified with working pressure, capacity, test details, etc.

  27. Never Stand between the Pump and Transit Mixer

  28. If the pump becomes energized everything that touches the pump is also energized

  29. Use a spotter when the boom is in a confined area or near obstructions or wires. • Spotter should warn the operator if he is nearing trouble. • Two sets of eyes are better than one.

  30. Never open a Pressurized Line 1. A plugged line may have maximum pump pressure inside. 2. Wait until the operator reverses the pump and tells you that it safe to open the pipe.

  31. Watch for This The truck can tip over if the soil gives away.

  32. Cleaning with Compressed Air Never open a pipe that has been pressurized with air. Never use compressed air to clear a blockage. Use Ball Catcher

  33. Environment • diesel and other fuels; • lubricants and hydraulic fluids; • Solvents/ chemicals; • hazardous waste; • contaminated water; • drums and/or tanks of unknown contents

  34. CONCLUSION "One machine can do the work of fifty ordinary men. No machine can do the work of one extraordinary man." -- Elbert Hubbard

  35. Any Queries ?

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