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Microscopy and Mitosis

Microscopy and Mitosis. Stephanie Wolin Senior Theatre Major with a Minor in Chemistry/Pre-Med Florida State University. Microscopy is… . Using the microscope to enhance research techniques of cells at a microscopic level.

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Microscopy and Mitosis

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  1. Microscopy and Mitosis Stephanie Wolin Senior Theatre Major with a Minor in Chemistry/Pre-Med Florida State University

  2. Microscopy is… • Using the microscope to enhance research techniques of cells at a microscopic level. • My project goal: The microscope was used to look at cells going through cell division (Mitosis).

  3. Staining the Cells • Averaged around 8 hours • Used basic laboratory skills • Protocol varied depending on the cells

  4. Background on Mitosis • Mitosis in single-celled organisms is responsible for the production of new individuals (asexual reproduction) • Single-celled organisms include Paramecia and Amoeba

  5. Mitosis Mitosis in multi-cellular organisms is responsible for growth of the organismand repair of damaged tissues. Multi-cellular organisms include plants and animals

  6. Genetic Material of the Cell • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) • 1. First it must be replicated so that there is a duplicate set of genetic information to be given to each daughter cell. • 2. Second, the genetic material (DNA) must be divided so that each daughter cell gets the exact same set of information.

  7. Mitosis is a 3 step process: 1. Replicationof genetic material in the mother cell 2.Separation of the replicated genetic material 3.Formation of the two daughter cells

  8. Prophase Prophase: 1. Chromosomes condense 2. Nucleolus (or nucleoli) disappears 3. Nuclear membrane disappears 4.Spindle apparatus, composed of spindle fibers, forms and centrioles migrate apart. 5. Each chromosome becomes attached to a spindle fiber.

  9. Prophase

  10. Metaphase Metaphase: 1. Chromosomes align in the "middle" (equator) of the cell. The chromosomes are pulled by the spindle fibers.

  11. Metaphase

  12. Anaphase Anaphase: 1. Centromere of each chromosome splits and one chromatid from each chromosome moves to centrioles at the poles of the cell. • The chromatids, which are now separate, are now called chromosomes. • There are now twice as many chromosomes in the cell as there were in the parent cell.

  13. Anaphase

  14. Telophase • Nuclear membranes reform around each group of newly divided chromosomes. • Nucleolus (or nucleoli) reappears • Spindles disappear • Chromosomes extend, becoming invisible • Cytokenesis occurs = cytoplasmic division of all the other materials in the cell (cytoplasm, cell membrane, organelles) that results in the formation of two new daughter cells with the correct number of chromosomes

  15. Telophase

  16. Cells After Mitosis

  17. Human Kidney Tissue

  18. Human Lung Tissue

  19. Indian Muntjac Cells

  20. Chinese Hamster Cells

  21. Rabbit Tissue

  22. Special Thanks To: Mentor: Mr. Mike Davidson In the Lab: John Griffin Nathan Claxton Dita Ishmaku

  23. CIRL Staff  Dr. Patricia Dixon Ms. Gina LaFrazza Ms. Stacy Vanderlaan Mr. Dave Sheaffer Mr. Carlos Villa

  24. Finally Thank You to the… The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and The National Science Foundation

  25. Questions?? 

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