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KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Coping with diversity. Henrik Halkier Professor of Regional and Tourism Studies Aalborg University Denmark halkier@ihis.aau.dk http://www2.ihis.aau.dk/~halkier/. KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Coping with diversity. Henrik Halkier Aalborg University
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KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Coping with diversity Henrik Halkier Professor of Regional and Tourism Studies Aalborg University Denmark halkier@ihis.aau.dk http://www2.ihis.aau.dk/~halkier/
KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Coping with diversity Henrik Halkier Aalborg University Denmark halkier@ihis.aau.dk
KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Coping with diversity Henrik Halkier Aalborg University Denmark halkier@ihis.aau.dk
KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Coping with diversity Issues: Knowledge and tourism (and EURODITE) Conceptualising knowledge dynamics Knowledge, public policy, and tourism diversity http://www2.ihis.aau.dk/~halkier/
KNOWLEDGE, TOURISM (and EURODITE) Policy concerns • EU Lisbon strategy in practice: high-tech, big-science ? • cluster-mania in policy communities across Europe EURODITE 2005-2010 • network researching regional knowledge dynamics • focus on seven selected sectors, including tourism • sectoral / territorial knowledge dynamics • firm-level case studies
CONCEPTUALISING KNOWLEDGE DYNAMICS • knowledge types: different truth criteria • analytical, synthetic, symbolic • knowledge phases: purpose of activity • exploration, examination, exploitation • knowledge sites: location • explicit, complicit, implicit • individual, collective • knowledge processes: drivers, strategies, institutions • regulation, markets, networks, corporate objectives • organisational, professional, markets, products/processes
On-site services • accommodation • catering • transport • Travel services • commercial • infrastructural • On-site activities • prescribed/voluntary • non-/commercial FROM TOURISM TO TOURISMS Market intelligence Conception/ design / marketing Production /consumption Consumption monitoring
INDIVIDUAL PLEASURE: DESTINATION TOURISM Market intelligence (Inter)national chains SMEs Promotional bodies Conception/ design / marketing (Budget) airlines Public/private providers Promotional bodies Targeted tourists • On-site services • hotels/B&Bs • rentals/campsites • restaurants, shops • car hire Production /consumption • Travel services • flights • roads • On-site activities • voluntary, attractions • cultural/natural Consumption monitoring
INDIVIDUAL PLEASURE: DESTINATION TOURISM Destination SMEs Hotel chains Airlines
Market intelligence TOUR OPERATORS Subcontractors in transport/accommodation Conception/ design / marketing Tour operators Public/private providers Promotional bodies Targeted tourists • On-site services • hotels • restaurants, shops • car hire Production /consumption • Travel services • flights • roads • On-site activities • voluntary, excursions • 4 Ss (sun, sex,...) • attractions Consumption monitoring ORGANISED PLEASURE: PACKAGE TOURISM
KNOWLEDGE SITESIN TOURISM Complicit Formal/informal networks Package holidays Hotel chains Airlines Destination SMEs
KNOWLEDGE DYNAMICSISSUES IN TOURISM Intersection of tourisms • expectation of different knowledge dynamics • degree of coexistence within localities/regions/nations • some actors involved in different tourisms • a challenge for schizophrenic public policies • ... and for EURODITE case studies • diverse dynamics and their interaction