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Warm Up

Warm Up. An important part of acting like a scientist is to communicate your findings We will have a share out about the mini-experiments that were conducted. Unit 1 - Section 2. Measurement. Essential Question. Why is accurate measurement important?. Standards of Measurement.

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Warm Up

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  1. Warm Up • An important part of acting like a scientist is to communicate your findings • We will have a share out about the mini-experiments that were conducted

  2. Unit 1 - Section 2 Measurement

  3. Essential Question • Why is accurate measurement important?

  4. Standards of Measurement • Standard = is an exact quantity that people agree to use to compare measurements • Precision = describes how closely measurements were made • Accuracy = compares a measurement to the real or accepted value

  5. Precise vs Accurate

  6. Systems of Measurement - English • Originated as a creative way for people to measure • Familiar objects and parts of the body were used as measuring devices • Ex: People measured short distances on the ground with their feet  foot • Unfortunately, these creative measuring devices allowed for different measurements to be obtained when different people measured the same items

  7. Systems of Measurement - English Length: • 12 inches (in) = 1 foot (ft) • 3 feet = 1 yard (yd) • 5280 feet = 1 mile (mi) Weight: • 16 ounces (oz) = 1 pound (lb) • 2000 lb = 1 ton Capacity: • 3 teaspoons (tsp) = 1 tablespoon (tbsp) • 16 tbsp = 1 cup (c) • 8 ounces (oz) = 1 cup • 2 cups = 1 pint (pt) • 2 pints = 1 quart (qt) • 4 quarts = 1 gallon (gal)

  8. Systems of Measurement - Metric • Improved and more accepted system of measurement based on multiples of 10 • Each type of SI measurement has a base unit (one basic unit of measure) • SI stands for International Standards of Units • Prefixes are used with names of the unit to indicate what multiple of 10

  9. SI Base Units

  10. Common SI Prefixes

  11. Conversions • Quantities can be measured using different units • Conversion Factor = a ratio that is equal to one and is used to change one unit to another • Conversion Units = multiply by the appropriate conversion factors • Ex: 1.255 L x1000 mL = 1255 mL 1 L

  12. Conversion Examples • Convert the following • 500 grams to kilograms • 200 centimeters to meters • 5 meters to millimeters

  13. Length • Length = Distance between two points • SI Unit = meter (m) • Instruments = Metric ruler, meterstick • The size of the object determines the unit of measurement used • Avoid using large digits and numbers with decimals

  14. Derived Units • Derived Units = a unit obtained by combining different SI units • Examples of Derived Units: • Volume • Mass • Density

  15. Work Session • Complete the ‘Identifying Scientific Instruments’ Lab

  16. Work Session • Answer the questions below, in 3-4 sentences with vocabulary, on a separate sheet of paper: • Why is accurate measurement important?

  17. Work Session • Complete the Scientific Instrument Station Lab

  18. Volume • Volume = amount of space occupied by an object • Regularly Shaped Solid – • V = Length x Width x Height • Volume expressed in cubic units (ex: V = m3 or cm3) • Liquid – • A liquid has no sides to measure • Measuring the capacity of the container that holds a particular amount of liquid • SI units = liter (l) and milliliter (ml) • 1 ml = 1 cm3

  19. Volume • Irregularly Shaped Solid – • Use the water displacement method • Displacement occurs when an object is immersed in a fluid • 1st - Measure the volume of the liquid • 2nd - Place the irregular solid into a liquid • 3rd – Measure the volume of the liquid and the irregular solid • 4th – Subtract the first and second measurements to determine the volume of the irregular solid

  20. Volume of an Irregular Solid

  21. Measuring Mass • Mass = measurement of the quantity of matter in an object (g) • Density = mass per unit volume of a material • Density = Mass Volume

  22. Time • Time = interval between two events • SI Units = second (s)

  23. Temperature • Temperature = how hot or cold something is • Celsius (°C) – Commonly used in science • Freezing point of water – 100°C • Boiling point of water – 0 °C • Room temperature – 20°C to 25°C • Kelvin (k) – SI Unit for Temperature • Absolute zero – 0 k • kelvin + 273 = celsius • Fahrenheit – Commonly used in the USA

  24. Rounding • Round units to the nearest tenth • Look at the digit next to the rounding place • If the digit is 5 or higher, add 1 to the rounding place digit • If the digit is 4 or lower, the rounding place digit remains the same

  25. Scientific Notation • Use to simplify very large and very small numbers • Based on the powers of the base number 10 • 1st # is the coefficient • Must be greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10 • 2nd # is the base • Must always be 10 • 3rd # is the exponent • When moving the decimal point, remember how many movements. This will help you calculate the exponent # • Positive (+) – When your original number is larger • Negative (-) – When your original number is smaller

  26. Scientific Notation • Write the following numbers in Scientific Notation: • 123, 000, 000, 000 • 100, 245 • 0.000 000 045 • 0.000 234

  27. Work Session • Work session to practice measuring volume, mass and density

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