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Earthquake

Earthquake. NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Office of Emergency Preparedness and Response. Overview, Impact and Healthcare/Critical Infrastructure Key Resources (CIKR). 2. Background Information.

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Earthquake

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  1. Earthquake NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Office of Emergency Preparedness and Response

  2. Overview, Impact and Healthcare/Critical Infrastructure Key Resources (CIKR) 2

  3. Background Information • An earthquake is a sudden, rapid shaking of the earth caused by the breaking and shifting of plates beneath the earth’s surface. • As the rocks move past each other, they occasionally stick along the faults, causing a gradual buildup of energy or strain. • This energy is abruptly released in the form of seismic waves, which travel away from the earthquake’s source. 3

  4. Magnitude, Intensity And Severity 4

  5. Richter and Mercalli 5

  6. Peak Ground Acceleration • Most damage and loss caused by an earthquake is directly or indirectly the result of ground shaking. • We can identify the areas, structures, and systems with highest risk and ultimately help reduce those risks. 6 Mapping of geographic distribution of ground shaking (PGA) in New York. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  7. Seismic History - Northeast Ramapo Fault 7 Earthquakes in the USA Northeast and Canada border area. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  8. NYC Faults • Mosholu Parkway fault • Dyckman Street fault • Manhattan's 125th Street fault • What does this mean to us? 8 • NYC Faults and Disaster Relevant Facilities. Source: http://nymag.com/news/articles/08/06/GeographyofDisaster/map.html

  9. NYC Soil Geologic Composition 9 Types of soils in New York. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  10. Manhattan Soil Composition 10 NEHRP Soil classifications in Manhattan. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  11. Impact 11

  12. Impact – Building Composition 12 Types of buildings in Manhattan. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  13. Impact – Building Damage 13 Expected Structural Damage in Manhattan. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  14. Impact – Injuries and Casualties • Why do people get injured? • How are injuries and casualties estimated? • How many injuries and casualties are likely to be recorded? 14 Injuries (Left) and Casualties (Right) Estimates for Different Earthquake Scenarios. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  15. Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources(CIKRs) • Assets, systems, networks, and functions—physical or virtual—so vital to the United States that their incapacitation or destruction would have a debilitating impact to the country. • Defined by the Department of Homeland Security 15

  16. CIKR – Healthcare & Public HealthToxic Release 16 Hazardous Materials Sites. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  17. CIKR – Transportation 17 • Debris quantity in Manhattan in three different earthquake scenarios. Source: http://www.nycem.org/techdocs/FinalReport/03-SP02p.pdf

  18. CIKR – Water • Combined sewer system • Threats: • Heavy Rainfall • Snowmelt • Hurricane • Earthquake • Aging Infrastructure • Vulnerability • Impact Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) 18 • Combined Sewer Overflow. Source: http://blog.seattlepi.com/capitolhill/2011/04/07/capitol-hill%E2%80%99s-sewer-overflow/

  19. CIKR – Water (cont’d) 19 Figure : NYC Sewer Outflows and Wastewater Treatment Facilities. Source: http://sebagocanoeclub.blogspot.com/2011/07/collective-map-of-sewage-outflowsfyi.html

  20. Challenges & Lessons Observed • Insurance Coverage • Planning for earthquakes is essential in seismically active regions • Develop and maintain an earthquake plan that will be constantly updated • Development of urban search and rescue resources is essential • The need for a fail-safe emergency communication system to manage both information and resources • Lack of standardized emergency management planning policies and operational procedures can worsen the outcome of an event • This is why OEPR with the assistance of subject matter experts have prepared a threat response guide to define DOHMH’s role and responsibilities for an earthquake 20

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