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LON in the 1930’s = failure.

LON in the 1930’s = failure. Wall street crash and resulting depression lead to strange relations between countries as they each tried to survive at all costs. 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria.

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LON in the 1930’s = failure.

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  1. LON in the 1930’s = failure. Wall street crash and resulting depression lead to strange relations between countries as they each tried to survive at all costs. 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Lytton report took a year and showed LON inefficiency. LON failed to imposed trade sanctions as didn’t want to lose trade partner . didn’t impose military sanctions as didn’t want to use or have to pay own troops or leave own territories unprotected. When they did ask Japan to leave Manchuria Japan left LON and stayed in Manchuria. LON seen as weak and dictators like Mussolini and Hitler noticed these weaknesses.

  2. 1932 World Disarmament Conference. (Despite hold ups and set backs). Hitler argued Germany should be allowed to rearm to level equal to other powers (defying TOV). French were horrified and Hitler used French attitudes as excuse to with draw from Conference in 1933 and LON in 1934.

  3. LON in the 1930’s = failure. • 1935 Italian invasion of Abyssinia. Mussolini wanted empire and invaded Abyssinia. Brit, France and Italy has agreement (Stresa Front) which said they’d all ally against Germany if need be. When Italy invaded Brit and France did nothing for fear of loosing ally. LON condemned Italian aggression and imposed half hearted sanctions (banned weapons and rubber) which damaged LON credibility. Did not ban the sale of oil of petrol and didn’t close Suez canal which could have ended it all very quickly. Secret Hoare-Laval pact to divide Abyssinia and give Italy good half was leaked to the press. This was a huge blow to LON credibility – Brit/Fre trying to negotiate behind LON back. This was seen as selling Abyssinia out and Ministers forced to resign. Italy went on to conquer Abyssinia and left LON. Mussolini unhappy about what he saw as Brti/French double dealing and sign agreement with Hitler (Rome-Berlin Axis). Hitler saw weakness of LON to remilitarise the Rhineland.

  4. LON in the 1930’s = failure? 6 key issues as to why LON failed in 1930’s: • Self interest of leading members Britain/France e.g Hoare-Laval pact or Japanese interest in Man. • US and other leading countries absent. • No standing army. Relied on Britain/France who didn’t want to use army in depression.

  5. Organisational weaknesses: -Couldn’t deal with countries if they quit when they didn’t like decisions e.g. Japan, Italy, Germany. -Economic sanctions didn’t work. Because not all countries members of the league, other countries could continue to trade with a country even if LON had put sanctions on them. ESPECIALLY LIKELY BECAUSE OF THE DEPRESSION. • Treaties it was supposed to uphold seen as unfair. TOV became seen as too harsh. • Decision very slow e.g. Manchuria.

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