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Quickest Recap Ever

Quickest Recap Ever. Civil War and Reconstruction . The Union . The Union, North, had lots of resources, large population Took advantage of technology and the railroad system Could better feed and arm their soldiers Large immigrant labor source. The Confederacy.

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Quickest Recap Ever

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  1. Quickest Recap Ever Civil War and Reconstruction

  2. The Union • The Union, North, had lots of resources, large population • Took advantage of technology and the railroad system • Could better feed and arm their soldiers • Large immigrant labor source

  3. The Confederacy • The Confederacy, South, had a strong military history and had “Home” team advantage • Did not take advantage of technology or use of railroads

  4. And so it begins… • South secedes from the North over issues of slavery, states’ rights, the election of Abraham Lincoln and the economy

  5. Emancipation Proclamation • Lincoln frees the slaves in all rebel states as of Jan. 1, 1863 • This military decree did not apply to slaves in loyal border states • He hoped the proclamation would convince some southern states to surrender by Jan. 1

  6. Southern Army Falters • Union wins several battles including Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Port Hudson • Union employs a total-war strategy in which they looted supplies along the way to Savannah, GA and destroyed anything of value along their path • This strategy was devastating to the Confederates

  7. Lee Surrenders • The Confederates can’t break the siege of Petersburg • Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House, VA

  8. 13th Amendment • This amendment is posed to Congress before Lincoln’s assassination (April14, 1865) • It outlaws slavery in all U.S. states

  9. Reconstruction • Southern lands and economy was in shambles • How to rebuild became a big debate • Trials for treason? • Who had the power to set the plan in action • Nothing in the Constitution about secession or readmission • What about the former slaves?

  10. Differing Plans • 10% plan • Radical Republicans pass Wade-Davis Bill requiring a majority of voters to swear loyalty to Union in order to restore government • Andrew Johnson is lenient and offers pardons • Each state must ratify the 13th Amendment

  11. Black Codes • By Dec. 1865 most Confederate states had met Johnson’s readmission requirements • Many southern states still limited the rights of Black Americans • Black codes- laws that tried to limit rights of African Americans • Some restrictions were placed on employment, land ownership, voting, and even vagrancy laws

  12. Congress investigates the treatment of freed men and allows Freedman’s Bureau to continue its work • Proposes 14th Amendment which will guarantee equal protection under the law for all • States caught disregarding amendment could lose seats in Congress

  13. 15th Amendment • Under the 15th Amendment, former slaves and all African American men the right to vote • 14th and 15th were ratified in 1870 • (many states found loop holes and instituted voting restrictions based on literacy or property qualifications)

  14. Education • During Reconstruction, many southern states wanted to rebuild their education but they did so with segregated schools • At this time, only radical Republicans suggested integration of schools • Freedman’s Bureau set up schools for former slaves • Many former slaves saw the value in education so they could try to vote and get better jobs

  15. Rebuilding Economy • Sharecropping • Landowner tells the sharecropper what to grow and provides them with the seeds and tools as well as a place to live • Landowner then receives a portion of the harvested crop • Sharecroppers were usually in debt to the landowner who was usually in debt to his supplier of tools

  16. Rebuilding Economy • Tenant farming • Tenant paid cash to a landowner and was able to choose and maintain his own crop, they would also be able to choose where they lived

  17. Ku Klux Klan • Formed in Tennessee • Burned Black schools, churches and other symbols of freedoms • They also tried to intimidate black people so they wouldn’t vote—it often worked • Enforcement Acts passed by Congress made it illegal to interfere with a citizen’s right to vote

  18. Reconstruction Ends • Radical Republicans lose support after failing to impeach President Johnson • People turn attention toward reforming government and the economy • Troops withdrawn from the South by beginning of 1871 • 1872 the Freedman’s Bureau dissolved • Compromise of 1877Rutherford B. Hayes is elected president and the remaining federal troops are removed from the South

  19. Effects on population • Blacks have right to vote • Women’s suffrage becomes a popular topic • Democratic Party dominated the south • Republican Party becomes the party of big business

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