Risk Management Education for Latino Audiences

1. Risk Management Education for Latino Audiences José L. García, Ph.D. Extension Assistant Professor Department of Rural Sociology and Program Coordinator Community Food Systems and Sustainable Agriculture University of Missouri GarciaJL@missouri.edu http://agebb.missouri.edu/sustain RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

2. Outline • Latino Farmers, needs, and risk management education • Human risks, Latino agricultural workers and their employers. • Reflections and recommendations RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

3. Latino Farm and Ranch Operations 1997 Census of Agriculture Farms Less than 100 100 to 199 200 to 499 500 to 999 1,000 or more RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia Data represent only those farms operated by persons of Hispanic origin.

4. Latino Farm and Ranch operations2002 Census of Agriculture RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

5. Latino Farm Operators, U.S. figures • There were 72,329 Latino farm operators (principal and secondary) in the US in 2002 (from 33,450 principal operators in 1997). • On the other side, the U.S. lost 86,650 farmers between 1997 and 2002 • About half of the Latino farmers have less than 219 acres and were full time operators in 2002. • In 1997, Latino farms operated 16.8 million acres compared to 20.8 million in 2002 RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

6. Issues impacting Latino producers • Little or no awareness/access to services and programs. • Diversity of backgrounds and different needs. • Farm and family risks of major concern are production, legal, marketing, financial, and human risks. RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

7. Issues impacting Latino producers (cont.) • Risks are greater for Latino producers and laborers than main stream producers. • Agencies/extension are unaware of Latino producers’ needs. • Latino producers may be less organized than other groups. • Latino producers may be undercounted. RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

8. The U of Missouri Extension efforts • The Community Food Systems and Sustainable Agriculture Program serving Latino and other minority producers • The “Empowering Latino Producers Through Risk Management Education and Networking” Project funded by the NC-RME Center RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

9. We invite all farmers, particularly of Latino/Hispanic backgrounds, to the workshop: managing RISKS WITH EMPHASIS IN DAIRY PRODUCTION Se invita a todos los agricultures, especialmente a los Latinos/Hispanos, al seminario: manejo de riesgos CON ENFASIS EN LA PRODUCCION LECEHRA WHEN/CUANDO: 10 am – 3 pm, Monday January 17, 2005 WHERE/DONDE: Conway Community Building, 123 South Main Street, Conway, MO (From the West travel to the railroad tracks, turn south one and a half blocks to the Community Building) To make reservations for this free seminar and lunch and additional information contact: Jose Garcia, (573) 884-3794, GarciaJL@missouri.edu Para reservaciones para este seminario y almuerzo gratuito y para información adicional contacte a: Jose Garcia, 573 884-3794 o GarciaJL@missouri.edu PRESENTERS/CONDUCTORES: James Thompson, University of MO Extension Agriculture Business Specialist; Ted Probert University of Missouri Dairy Specialist; Joe Horner, University of Missouri Marketing Specialist; and John Travlos University of Missouri Information Technology Specialist. Free lunch and informational materials are included Almuerzo y materiales informativos gratuitos estan incluidos RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia This event is funded by the USDA North Central Risk Management Education Center Evento patrocinado por el Centro de Educacion de Manejo de Riesgos del Nor Centro

10. Introduction to Risk Management in Agriculture: A workshop for Hispanic Dairy Producers and Other Farmers Introducción al Manejo de Riesgos en Agricultura: Un Taller para Agricultores Lecheros Latinos y Otros Agricultores Conway Community Building, Conway, Missouri January 17, 2005 10 am - 3 pm, AGENDA/PROGRAMA 10:00 – 10:10 Welcome and introductions/ Bienvenida y presentaciones 10:10 – 10:25 Latino farmers in Missouri/ Granjeros y Rancheros Latinos en MO (Jose Garcia) 10:25 – 11:15 Introduction to Risk Management in Dairy Production/ Introduccion al Manejo de Riesgos en la Produccion Lechera (Ted Probert) 11:15 – 12:00 Financial Risks: preparing a tax return and financial statements/ Riesgos Financieros: preparacion de declaraciones de impuestos y de finanzas) (Jim Thompson) 12:00 – 12:45 Lunch /Almuerzo   12:45 – 1:30   Marketing Risks (pricing, futures, hedging, etc)/ Riesgos de Mercado (Joe Horner) 1:30 – 2:15    Using technology to address risks/ Tecnologia en manejo de riesgos (John Travlos) 2:15 – 3:00   Dairy Heard Improvement and other useful info/ Mejoramiento del Ganado Vacuno y otras informaciones utiles (Ted Probert) 3:00 – 3:05    Evaluation   This event has been sponsored by the North Central Risk Management Education Center Ese evento ha sido patrocinado por el Centro de Educacion de Manejo de Riesgos del Nor-Centro RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia This event is funded by the USDA North Central Risk Management Education Center

11. Accomplishments and Challenges • Workshop topics well received • Knowledgeable presenters • Positive evaluations • Bilingual workshops and materials • Interest in more training and additional meetings/materials • Low turn out • Competing with farm activities • Hard to persuade farmers to go far away from home and overnight • Low interest in establishing a network RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

12. Lesson learned • Find out about Latino farmers in your county/region. • Get materials that directly speak to their issues. • Be sensitive to their cultural background and needs. • Talk to, and partner with, organizations that serve them. RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

13. Participants comments • Great discussion/presentations • “muy interesante” • Very informative • “Todo estuvo muy bien y gracias por ayudarme” • We have cattle and that wasn’t much touched • Would be better on the weekend RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

14. RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

15. Latino Agricultural Workers in the US There are an estimated 3 million migrant farmworkers in the United States. Nine out of ten migrant farmworkers are Latino. There are an estimated 897,849 children of migrant farmworkers. 81% of all migrant farmworkers are foreign born, of these 95% were born in Mexico. RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

16. Latino Agricultural Workers in the US The average age of migrant farmworkers is 31 years old. Half of all migrant farmworkers earn less than $7,500 per year and half of all farmworker families earn less than $10,000 per year. There is only a 50.7% high school graduation rate among migrant teenagers. The average migrant farmworker has a life expectancy of 49 years. RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

17. Migrant Farmworker streams RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

18. Latino Agricultural Workers and Human Risks Management • The Community Food Systems and Sustainable Agriculture Program of the University of Missouri training farmers in new areas. • “A Training Program on Human Risks Management for Producers Using Latino Labor Force”, funded by the NC-RME Center RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

19. Human Risk Management, Realities and Resources: The Latino Labor Force in Agriculture A workshop for employers (and potential employers) of Latino agricultural workers This workshop is designed to help employers and potential employers be informed and prepared to hire and work with Latino agricultural workers. Topics of the workshop include: Cultural understanding, labor laws and worker’s rights, safety in the workplace, and health issues. WHEN: Right after the “Small Fruit and Vegetable Growers” Conference, Wednesday February 23, 2005; 1:00 to 5:30 pm. WHERE: Clarion Inn Conference Center, 3333 South Glennstone, Springfield, MO 65804 This is a free event, but your RSVP will be appreciated to plan on the workshop materials and refreshments. Please respond to Sharon Naylor, 573-882-3776 or naylors@missouri.edu. For additional information contact Jose Garcia, (573) 884-3794, or GarciaJL@missouri.edu RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia This event is funded by the USDA North Central Risk Management Education Center

20. Human Risk Management, Realities and Resources: The Latino Labor Force in Agriculture February 17, 2004, Bootheel Education Center, Malden, MO, Workshop agenda 11:00 – 11:05 Welcome and Introductions José García (Community Food Systems and Sustainable Agriculture Program, University of Missouri) Human Risks Management I: Cultural Understanding of, and Communicating with, the Latino Labor Force 11:05 – 11:15 An Introduction to the Latino Labor Force in Southeast Missouri José García 11:15 –11:45 Defining “Work” and the Latino Work Ethic Joe Tillman (Kansas Migrant Education Program) 11:45 –1 215 The Migrant English Language Learning Program in Southeast Missouri Maria Ana San Miguel (Missouri Migrant English Language Learning Program) 12:15 – 1:15 Lunch Human Risk Management II: Labor Laws and Workers’ Rights 1:15 – 1:55 Worker Wages and Compliance Issues Susan Herren (US Department of Labor) 1:55 – 2:35 State Services and Housing Issues Gale Graves (Missouri Department of Economic Development) Human Risk Management III: Safety in the Workplace and Health Issues 2:35 – 3:15 Health Issues and Resources and Recommendations for Employers Sandy Sharp (SEMO Health Network) 3:15 – 3:25 Break 3:25 – 4:05 Ergonomics for Farmworkers Karen Funkenbusch (AgrAbility Program, University of Missouri) 4:05 – 4:45 Pesticidy Safety for Farm workers Mike MIllam (University of Missouri extension) 4:45– 5:00Evaluation RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia This event is funded by the USDA North Central Risk Management Education Center

21. Accomplishments and Challenges • Great turn out (but not in all workshops) • High interest and engagement of participants • Important topics and knowledgeable speakers • People leaving with more questions than answers • Perception that the workshops were to help them find workers • Some topics hard to understand in just a session (regulations and compliance) RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

22. Lessons learned • Communities and groups of farmers respond differently to such training opportunities • Participants came from various sectors including churches, social services, extension, congressional offices, and the press • Organizing in conjunction with other conferences/meetings has been effective and cost-effective RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

23. Participants’ comments • Presenters were exceptional, I need to digest all I’ve heard and seen. Thank you! • This has been excellent. I will take the information [binders] and share with others • Had no idea it was so complicated to use Litino [sic] help RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia

24. RME National Conference April 2005 - J. Garcia