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Tissue Types

Tissue Types. Tissues- a group of cells performing a similar function Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous. Epithelial- General Characteristics. Linings, coverings and glands Protection, absorption, filtration, or secretion Closely packed (no leaks, please!), often with tight junctions

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Tissue Types

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  1. Tissue Types Tissues- a group of cells performing a similar function • Epithelial • Connective • Muscle • Nervous

  2. Epithelial- General Characteristics • Linings, coverings and glands • Protection, absorption, filtration, or secretion • Closely packed (no leaks, please!), often with tight junctions • Apical (free) surface • Lower surface-basement membrane • No blood supply (avascular) • Capable of regeneration

  3. Simple Epithelium • Simple squamous • thin, single layer • tightly packed • membranes that allow for transmission of a fluid, gas, nutrient • also form serous membranes

  4. Simple Epithelium • Simple Cuboidal • One layer thick, boxy cells • Glands & ducts • Walls of tubules

  5. Simple Epithelium • Simple Columnar • Single layer, column shaped cells • Often, Goblet cells are embedded within the layer • Lines entire GI tract • Mucous membranes (note spelling: mucous- adj. vs. mucus-n.)

  6. Simple Epithelium • Pseudostratified Columnar • Rest on basement membrane • Nuclei at different heights; thus it looks like layers • Absorption/excretion • Some types are ciliated

  7. Stratified Epithelia • Stratified Squamous • Most common in body • Several layers • Found where tissue might take a beating, such as esophagus, mouth, outer skin

  8. Transitional Epithelium • Highly modified stratified epithelium • Linings of some organs of the urinary system • Lots of stretching • Basal layers cuboidal or columnar; other layers variable • When organ is full, layers flatten out and look like squamous cells

  9. Connective Tissue • Cells within a matrix • Cells loosely packed, with spaces between them • Matrix runs from liquid, to fibers, to rigid and hard

  10. Bone (Osseous tissue) • Bone cells sit in holes in matrix called lacunae • Matrix calcified & very hard • Protective, framework of body

  11. Cartilages • Hyaline • Most common • Rubbery matrix; flexible • Larynx, ribs/sternum, joints • Fetal skeleton

  12. Fibrocartilage • Compressible • Intervertebral discs

  13. Elastic Cartilage • Obviously, connective tissue that needs to have flexibility • Ear lobes, tip of nose

  14. Dense Connective Tissue • Also known as fibrous CT • Collagen fibers for matrix • Fibroblast cells • Strong, ropelike • Tendons & ligaments • Lower dermis of skin

  15. Loose Connective Tissue • Softer; more cells & less fiber • 3 types: areolar, adipose & reticular • Areolar: cushions & protects • Stores water (edema) • Cobweb appearance • Adipose: fat tissue • Appear empty • Insulate & protect

  16. Loose CT (con’t) • Reticular • Delicate network • Limited sites: lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow • Supports free blood cells

  17. Blood-Vascular Tissue • Fluid matrix, plasma • Protein molecules constitute the fibers of the matrix • Atypical CT • Transport of nutrients, gases, wastes, etc. • RBCs, WBCs and platelets

  18. Muscle Tissue • Skeletal Voluntary, striated, attached to bone • Smooth Involuntary, non-striated walls of organs, • Cardiac Involuntary, striated, heart tissue

  19. Nervous Tissue • Neurons • Cell body, cell processes that can be very long • Brain, spinal cord, nerves • Neuroglia: “nurse cells” Supporting cells of the matrix

  20. Good review web site! faculty.ircc.edu/.../histology_flash_cards.htm

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