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Best Management Practices for Gardens. US Home and Garden Pesticide Expenditures 2001. htttp://www.epa.gov/pesticides. US Home and Garden Pesticide Amounts Used 2001. htttp://www.epa.gov/pesticides. Six Most Commonly Used Home and Garden Pesticides. 2001. htttp://www.epa.gov/pesticides.
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US Home and Garden Pesticide Expenditures 2001. htttp://www.epa.gov/pesticides
US Home and Garden Pesticide Amounts Used 2001. htttp://www.epa.gov/pesticides
Six Most Commonly Used Home and Garden Pesticides. 2001 htttp://www.epa.gov/pesticides
Planning Site selection impacted by: • Trees • Buildings • Slope • Drainage • Soil quality
Planning Map your garden and keep notes • How much of each crop will you need? • ID-128, page 22 • Keep records • What did you like? • How did certain plants perform? • Locate plants wisely • lump perennials together • place taller plants on the north side
Planning Soil Preparation • Soil testing • pH adjustment • Fertilization • Plowing and tilling
Hand-push Fertilizer Applicator • Useful for uniform broadcast or band applications. • Can uniformly apply fertilizer, lime or granular pesticides.
Rate (lb/1000 sq ft) of Agricultural Limestone Needed to Raise Soil pH to 6.4
Phosphate and Potash Nitrogen: For a continuously cropped garden area where little or no organic matter has been added, apply 2 pounds of actual N per 1000 square feet before planting. Following heavy grass sod, apply 3 pounds of actual N per 1000 square feet before plowing. Where heavy applications of barnyard manure or compost has been added, apply no nitrogen.
Vegetables and Flowers benefit from:A Side Dressing with Nitrogen
Vegetables and Flowers benefit from:A Side Dressing with Nitrogen
BSC Hand-Operated Plastic Layer • Suitable for large garden or small truck farm. • 2-3 ft. plastic widths • HP 5.5 – 14 • Can apply drip tape at the same time.
Backpack Mist blower • Fungicide, Insecticide applications. • No agitation so premix pesticides. • Mist blown • 5 gal tank • 5 hp motor
Shielded Herbicide Sprayer • Battery powered. • Concentrated herbicide • Used primarily with Round*Up and Gramoxone. • Post emergent to weeds.
Care During Growing Season Water: • One inch per week • Water infrequently but thoroughly • Application methods • Wet the soil not the plant • Water during the cool of the morning • Automated systems-drip irrigation
Care During Growing Season • Mulch • Reduces water evaporation from soil surface • Reduces soil temperature • Reduces competition by weeds • Types of mulch • Organic • Inorganic
Care During Growing Season Fertilization • Usually only need to supplement nitrogen fertilization • Fertigation (added through irrigation water) • Sidedressing with ammonium nitrate (1/2 Tbs per foot of row) • Compost and organic mulch as source of nutrients
Vegetable Yields and Amounts to Plant per Person (Table 1 of 5)
Vegetable Yields and Amounts to Plant per Person (Table 2 of 5)
Vegetable Yields and Amounts to Plant per Person (Table 3 of 5)
Vegetable Yields and Amounts to Plant per Person (Table 4 of 5)
Vegetable Yields and Amounts to Plant per Person (Table 5 of 5)
Best Management Practices for Gardens • Pesticide use affects: • Human health • Environment • Non-target organisms
Best Management Practices for Gardens • EPA said 100 million pounds of pesticides applied to homes and gardens in 2001
Best Management Practices for Gardens • Integrated Pest Management is a science based decision making process that uses information on: • Pest biology • Environment • Available technology to manage pest problems in a way that poses least risks.
Best Management Practices for Gardens • First step in IPM is to correctly identify problem • Many abiotic problems mistaken for pests
Best Management Practices for Gardens • Tactics to reduce pesticide use in home environment: • Select suitable environment for plant • Sun/shade • Moist/dry • Soil type • Soil pH • Plant resistant/adapted cultivars • Insects, diseases, drought tolerant, cold hardiness
Best Management Practices for GardensQuestions to Consider before Applying a Pesticide • Has pest been identified correctly • Read pesticide label • Is pesticide warranted • Risks/Benefits of application • How toxic is pesticide • Residual activity • Are low risk alternatives available • Time and method of application • How best to target pest
Best Management Practices for Gardens • Do not purchase pest infested plants • Do not predispose plants to pests • Proper pH and fertilization • Do not over crowd • Avoid wet waterlogged soils • Plant at proper time • Rotate crops year to year • Practice good sanitation • Prune dead material • Remove debris • Control weeds
Best Management Practices for GardensRecommendations for woody trees and shrubs • Set at proper planting depth • Avoid pot-bound containers • Water adequately during establishment • Mulch 2 in. deep • Avoid damage to roots, stems, trunks • Lawnmowers, weed eaters • Prune properly at correct time
Best Management Practices for Gardens • There are no True All-Purpose pesticides.
Gardening Information Websites That I Use • http://webgarden.osu.edu/(useful gardening information) • http://www.ext.vt.edu/cgi-bin/htsearch(Gardening Pubs) • http://www.ag.ohio-state.edu/~vegnet/(production info) • http://vric.ucdavis.edu/usesites/ressite.htm(Information Center) • http://www.gardening.cornell.edu/(Gardening Information) • http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/altseed_search.php(organic seed) • http://www.halcyon.com/tmend/find.htm(Heirloom seed) • http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/(Poisonous Plants)