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Colonial Regions:

Colonial Regions:. Geography influences colonial development Essential Question: “To what extent does geography shape human development?”. Three Colonial Regions. New England Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies. Massachusetts. Connecticut. Rhode Island. New Hampshire. New York.

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Colonial Regions:

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  1. Colonial Regions: Geography influences colonial development Essential Question: “To what extent does geography shape human development?”

  2. Three Colonial Regions • New England Colonies • Middle Colonies • Southern Colonies Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode Island New Hampshire New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware Maryland Virginia North Carolina Georgia South Carolina

  3. Topography -

  4. New England Colonies Geographic Features: Hilly and mountainous terrain Small coastal plains with rocky soil Heavily forested Shallow and quick flowing rivers Very good harbors and fisheries Impact: Cities built on harbors became center of society Agriculture was mainly “subsistance” farms

  5. Middle Colonies Geographic Features: Wider coastal plains with sandy soil Pine and Deciduous forests (less dense) Mountainous terrain evident in the West Deeper, slower flowing rivers Good inland harbors Impact: Known as the “Bread Basket” colonies. Early industry because of mineral wealth in mountains. Have both big cities and larger farms

  6. Southern Colonies Geographic Features: Large, fertile, and wide coastal plains Deep and navigable rivers extend inland Mild winters, Hot summers Impact: Plantation System to grow cash crops Cities did not develop well Climate was not healthy (Mosquito-borne diseases)

  7. What were they growing? Brown Gold! • Tobacco was an incredibly profitable market. • By the late 1620s, colonists were exporting 1.5 million pounds per year. • Other cash crops included cotton, rice, sugar and indigo.

  8. Evolution of Slavery in the Southern Colonies The size and style of agriculture in the South required a large number of laborers. Southern plantation owners needed to find a large number of workers cheaply. They first turned to: 1) Indentured Servants – People who agree to work for another for a limited time, often in return for travel expense, shelter and food. Supported by the Headright System. 1676 Bacon’s Rebellion changed labor relations

  9. Evolution of Slavery in the Southern Colonies 2) Native American Slavery – Planters began to capture and trade for Native Americans slaves. Problems with Native American slaves: - unfamiliar with European farming - died of European diseases easily - easily ran away and would stay away

  10. Evolution of Slavery in the Southern Colonies 3) African Slavery – Africans captured and transported from West Africa to work on plantations. African slavery slow to develop (at first): 1619 – First slaves arrive in Virginia on Dutch ship 1670 –Only 2,000 slaves in Virginia 1685 – Africans outnumber white servants (????) 1750 – ½ population of Virginia is African Africans outnumber whites in S.C (2:1) Why African Slaves?

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