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Understanding Surface Runoff and Hydrograph Components

Explore runoff drainage patterns, stream orders, and hydrograph components in engineering hydrology. Learn how basin features, storm location, and direction impact hydrograph properties. Compute runoff volume and infiltration rates efficiently.

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Understanding Surface Runoff and Hydrograph Components

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  1. Surface Runoff andHydrograph Components David Rosenberg CEE 3430 – Engineering Hydrology February 29, 2012

  2. Today’s Learning Objectives • Describe runoff drainage patterns • Identify stream order • Sketch components of a runoff hydrograph • Compare how basin features, storm location and direction affect hydrograph properties • Compute runoff volume and infiltration rates from a hydrograph and initial abstractions CEE 3430

  3. 1. Runoff drainage patterns A. B. • Dendritic -uniform erosion • Rectangular –faults • Trellis on folded terrain • Trellis on mature coastal plain C. D. CEE 3430

  4. Example 1. What type of drainage pattern does the Logan River watershed exhibit? CEE 3430

  5. 2. Stream Order 1 = non-branching 2 = only receive 1st order streams Basin order is the highest order branch -- at the outlet) CEE 3430

  6. Example 2. What is the stream order of the Logan River below Beaver Creek? 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 ?? 1 1 1 CEE 3430

  7. 3. The hydrograph (in video form)

  8. 4a. Effects of basin features on the hydrograph • Slope • Roughness • Storage CEE 3430

  9. 4b. Effects of storm location and direction on the hydrograph • Location • 2. Direction CEE 3430

  10. Example 3. How do the Logan River hydrographs at First Dam for 2009 and 2011 differ? CEE 3430

  11. Example 4a. What is the volume of direct runoff (in mm) from a 120 ha catchment with a baseflow of 0.05 m3/s and the specified discharge hydrograph? CEE 3430

  12. Today we… • Described runoff drainage patterns • Identified stream order • Sketched components of a runoff hydrograph • Compared how basin features, storm location and direction affect hydrograph properties • Computed runoff volume and infiltration rates from a hydrograph and initial abstractions CEE 3430

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