Obsolete & Emerging Technologies—Overhead Projectors & Interactive Whiteboards

1. Obsolete & Emerging Technologies—Overhead Projectors & Interactive Whiteboards A Multimedia Presentation by Monica Loadholt EDUC 8848

2. Obsolete Technology—Overhead Projector bulky bulbs easily blown pens used for writing on transparency film are messy don’t allow for much student interaction in lesson

3. Emerging Technology—Interactive Whiteboard Less mess because no ink or transparencies are necessary Can be mounted to wall Have ability to offer multimedia experience much more easily Allow for more student interaction in lesson

4. Obsolete Technology—Overhead Projector

5. Emerging Technology—Interactive Whiteboards

6. Donna Roberts, Media Specialist • In your opinion, why did the district switch from overhead • projectors to interactive whiteboards? • Has the use of interactive whiteboards improved instruction?

7. Emergence of Overhead Projectors • Which of the Six Forces are useful in explaining the emergence of overhead projectors? • Evolutionary Technologies • Rhymes of History • Overhead Projectors entered the classroom as a desire for student interaction in instruction increased. This technology rekindled the desire of teachers in the past to encourage students to take ownership of their learning.

8. Evolutionary Technologies • Overhead Projectors • As technology evolved, the limitations of overhead projectors in satisfying the need for interaction caused them to become obsolete. • Interactive Whiteboards • The level of interaction led to the emergence of this technology. Students and teachers could manipulate items on the screen as well as provide for more effective multimedia instructional experiences. Courtesy of Google Images

9. Rhymes of History • Overhead Projectors • Did not allow for as much interactivity as was once thought when they first emerged • Interactive Whiteboards • Reminded teachers of the level of interaction that came with chalkboards when they were first put up in the front of classrooms hundreds of years ago Courtesy of Google Images

10. Disruptive Technologies Interactive whiteboards did not appear “out of nowhere”, so I would not consider them to be a disruptive technology. However, since they replaced overhead projectors, some might classify them that way. Courtesy of Google Images Interactive whiteboards did shake things up when they appeared because they offered teachers and students a new way to interact with their learning.

11. Science Fiction • Overhead Projectors • It has not been common to see movies or read novels/short stories featuring these as high-level, futuristic technologies. • Interactive Whiteboards • Many movies (like Minority Report) from the early 1990s on have featured touch-screen devices that may have inspired this technology. Courtesy of Google Images

12. Increasing Returns Since their appearance on the market, interactive whiteboards have edged out overhead projectors to the point that all they do is gather dust on shelves in the back of media center closets. Courtesy of Google Images

13. Red Queens While interactive whiteboards and overhead projectors did not have the type of relationship that is typically associated with Red Queens, I think that manufacturers of interactive whiteboards are battling one another to gain dominance over the market. Courtesy of Google Images

14. Where Do We Go From Here? • Will students have the ability to send data to interactive whiteboards via their cell phones? • Will students have desks with built-in interactive whiteboards?

15. References Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2010).Evolutionary technologies. Baltimore, MD: Author. Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2010). Increasing returns. Baltimore, MD: Author. Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2010). Leading and managing educational technology. Baltimore, MD: Author. Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2010). Red queens. Baltimore, MD: Author. Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2010). Science fiction. Baltimore, MD: Author. Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2010). Six forces that drive emerging technologies. Baltimore, MD: Author. Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: Free Press.Soloway, E. (n.d.). Emerging vs. Emerged Technologies. Podcast. Thornburg, D. D. (2008b). Emerging technologies and McLuhan's Laws of Media. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration. Thornburg, D. (2008b). Red Queens, butterflies, and strange attractors: Imperfect lenses into emergent technologies. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration. Thornburg, D. D. (2009b). When is a technology emergent? Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration.