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CoE/ARB. ITU/BDT & CTO Workshop on Universal Service Policies and Funding Sana’a, Yemen, 07-09 Oct 2003. ENG. ABDO NASSIR AL-SAADI Head of design and installation section Rural department Yemen telecom. THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC.
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CoE/ARB ITU/BDT & CTO Workshop on Universal Service Policies and Funding Sana’a, Yemen, 07-09 Oct 2003 ENG. ABDO NASSIR AL-SAADI Head of design and installation section Rural department Yemen telecom THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Country Background Yemen is Located at The South west of Arabian peninsula. Has an area of 550.000 km2 Population of about 18.000.000 According to 2000 statistics. It has a mixed geographical terrain composed of high mountaineous areas up to 3600m over sea level , and Avery long coastal belt over 2000 Km on the red sea and the Arabian sea and islands . Main occupation of the population is agriculture , fishing, animal rearing and small industries .
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC From the table we can find out that almost 75% of the country is defined as rural areas with 70.000 settlements ,the most densely populated governorates are sana'a , ibb, Taiz , Hodeida and Dhamar which togather account for 50% of the population. Mahara Governorate , With about 70.000 inhabitants is the least density populated governorate with only one inhabitant per square kilometer , next sparsely populated are Hadramout and Mareb with 7-8 in Habitants per square kilometer these four governorates accounts for 60% of the land area. Urban areas includes major cities as well as smaller towns having government authority ,etc. The population growth rate is about 3.5% and the gross national (GNP) is about $ 404 per capita .
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Telephone services in the rural areas Providing telecommunication facility to the rural population was one of the main concern of the government . Therefore the most challenging Job to provide telephone access to the rural areas has started and followed going on according to the table
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC From the table and chart we can find out that the penetration rate is poor (1.4%) with respect to high demand for telephone services in the rlural areas. But this was out of the control of the Y.T due to the challenging issues which can be defined as follows.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC 1- The difficult geographical nature of the rural areas . 2- The long distance between cities (switch location) and rural areas. 3- The location of population density on high mountains and deep valise. 4- Lack of suitable access roads to those areas . 5- Scattered population in desert and coastal belts . (long distance between villages).
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC 6 - Lack of commercial electricity . 7 - To access aural subscriber is usually very expensive with normal traditional copper wire radio terminals, or fiber optic adding solar systems, battery banks which may increase the cost ten times higher compared to the urban copper cable which may not exceed $500.00. 8 - Low purchase power due to low personal income. 9 - Shortage of new projects funding.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Over the last three years the Y.T has followed several challenging plans to extend and satisfy the demand for the telephone services among the 75% of inhabitants living in rural areas according to the following procedures.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC • Expand the main switches capacity from 420.000 subscribers in 2001 up to over one million subscriber lines in 2003 . • Extending of backbone fiber optics network between and to the major cities in most governorates , backbone network which comprises of SDH rings based on STM-1, STM-4, STM-16. • microwave routes to be used as transmission media for (WLL & Cdma systems . • Has given lenience to mobile telephone GSM operators . • Give lenience to private sectors to operate telecenters (internet caffe) E.T.C .
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Y.T is now planning to minimize using copper cable network for It’s higher costs and difficulty of extending the network in the rural area. • For the ease and fast deployment of a cost effective telephone services to the rural areas , the Y.T has followed the strategy below.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC 1 - Deploy “wireless local loop" radio base station systems operating at 450 Mhz band for long distance coverage (more than 70km) at five selected sites with a total capacity of 6250 subscribers to serve nondensed scattered rural population areas and islands. 2 - Providing a total solution “cdma 2000-IX system “ for fixed wireless telephone services, operates in 800Mhz comprised of MSC ,BSC, & BTS . with initial capacity of 20.000 subscribers , now operating about 16 BTS sites . an international tender was released to provide 30 additional BTS to increase the served areas . Besides the Y.T is expecting to finalize loan agreement with the S.Korean government for an amount of 30$ million dollar to provide cdma 2000-1x system with 87 BTS and a capacity of 102950 subscribers.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC 3 - Providing (DLC) digital loop carrier services thru installing a cabinets of different capacities which are 112-192-304-496-512 subscribers, connected to main switches by fiber optic cable or drop/inserted via the (SDH) fiber optic ring back bone network or individual fiber cables . 4 - Installing subscriber shelves of different capacities 120/240/360/480. subscribers from any remote switch location to any rural area within a distance of 50km by using (SSR) spread spectrum radio. (2.4Ghz) band . 5 - Installing vsat system to the very far and border areas.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC The following table will give general focus on the systems deployed during the last 20 years and it's cost per line comparission.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC In addition to the telephone distribution in rural areas according to the table and chart shown there are about 436800 mobile telephone lines deployed by the three operators, and al-thuraya mobile services . - TELEYMEN 28800 Etacs - SABAPHON 220000 GSM - SPACETEL YEMEN 188000 GSM - THURAYA Not known Thuraya
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC which about 35% of those mobile phones are operating in rural areas. But due to purely economical prospective existing. Which are • low purchase power . • low personal income . • High cellular telephone tariff . • Low fixed telephone tariff.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Those reasons and others lets the people look after the fixed telephone services. Beyond all what is said about, the Y.T is still pushing forward by all means to provide and extend the telephone internet services to at least 60% of the rural areas by the end of 2005.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Services alternatives in rural areas. As it was discussed in passed workshops about starting with community access of public phones payphones , kiosks, callcenters ,and public call offices . Those facilities are already exists in most of the districts where Y.T offices are originated ,and some private call centers but due to distances between those locations and the population areas makes it difficult to reach . besides to the Yemeni people nature to have privacy , the most popular means are the residential phones .
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Technology alternatives . The Y.T policy to select technology is always based on to start up with latest technologies. Therefore Y.T is obliging all manufactures who wants to promote their products . To provide and run free of charge trial system for period of not less then six months . and according to the trial results the system will be rejected or supply agreement will be signed.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Y.T engineers, & staff All technical and administration works .Such as . • Systems specifications preparation . • Tender documentation preparation . • Technical and commercial tenders evaluation . • Projects budget study preparation .
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC • Negotiations with international companies . • Projects site survey . • Projects execution . • Prilimary and final acceptance tests . • Maintenance to all systems . All these are 100% done by local Yemeni staff
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC For new technology manufactures are committed to make only supervision and on job training . Training are carried out by skilled Yemeni trainers in the general tracing institute by providing live equipments .
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC Conclusion and recommendations To over come the poor communication between the arab administration and to fertilize the together cooperation work and to make benefits of the telecom development in each individual administrations, exchanging ideas and expertise. We highly recommend the ITU / Arab regional office to Takeover this mission . Finally wish all delegates A pleasant stay in their second home.
THE RURAL TELELOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT IN YEMEN REPUBLIC SAMPLE PICTURE FOR SOME OF RURAL TELEPHONE DISTRIBUTION LOCATIONS AND SITES
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