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The Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics – Update, May 2003

Learn about Grainger Center's initiatives in electric machines, materials, control systems, and energy conversion processes for future applications. Explore ongoing and upcoming research projects fostering revolutionary advancements. Join us in shaping the future of electromechanics engineering.

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The Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics – Update, May 2003

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  1. The Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics – Update, May 2003 Power Affiliates Meeting May 2003 P. T. Krein, Director Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering

  2. Purposes of the Grainger Center • Establish leadership and advance technologies in electric machines and electromechanics. • Nurture a new generation of engineers for the electric machinery field. • Support relevant student team programs, such as the Future Energy Challenge. • Stimulate activity in areas of electrical energy related to expanding the scope and applications of machines and electromechanics.

  3. Purposes of the Grainger Center • Organize a national collaborative network for machines innovation. • California – Berkeley • Georgia Tech • Ohio State • Purdue • Wisconsin • The Center is now a permanent endowed program thanks to a new $10 million grant from the Grainger Foundation.

  4. Present Status • Through the Center, and PSERC, the Power Area has seen substantial recent growth. • There will be more than 40 graduate students in the Fall. • About 15 students are supported mainly through the Center. • Center funds are also leveraged, with Power Affiliates funds, for major national grants and other resources.

  5. Project Overview • Fundamentals of machine design. • Best use of materials. • Best match to applications. • “Inverter-dedicated” machines. • MEMS work from the application and electromechanics viewpoints. • Motor and power electronics control (from a systems perspective). • Power electronic devices to expand the application of drives.

  6. Project Overview • Fuel cell energy processing. • Biomechanical energy conversion research. • Ideas with the potential for revolutionary advances in machines and electromechanical devices. • Automotive 42 V power systems. • NSF-sponsored flexible power system concept to integrate technical, environmental, economic, and operational issues into fast system control.

  7. Sample Projects • Induction machine optimization for “dedicated inverter” operation. • Rotor designed for either castor bar insertion construction. • Take advantage of an electronicdrive to deliver the necessaryfrequency to provide high torqueand low loss. • Consider flex circuits as a way tocreate stator windings.

  8. Sample Projects • Rugged field sensor for construction equipment. • Create an electric field sensor that can warn of power line proximity to a construction vehicle or tool. • A rugged capacitive divider structure was shown to be useable for this application.

  9. Sample Projects • Gallium-nitride device development for power electronics. • GaN allows processing of power at high voltages and high temperatures. It is an important alternative to SiC. • Our collaborators can make material, and are testing some diode and FET structures.

  10. Sample Projects • Efficiency-optimizing control for motor drives. • This is based on the ripple-correlation concept invented at Illinois. Motor flux is adjusted in real time to minimize power consumption. • Significantbenefits at light load.

  11. Sample Projects • High-quality digital pulse width modulation (PWM) for power conversion applications. • The “space vector modulation” approach often used today acts as a “uniform sampling” method and introduces distortion. • Analog sine-triangle PWM avoids distortion. • The objective is to perform this in a digital process, based on our audio amplifier work.

  12. Sample Projects • Torque ripple correction in permanent magnet machines. • Determine the best stator current waveforms. • Determine how these must be adjusted as operating conditions fluctuate. • Implement in a prototype drive system.

  13. Sample Projects • A sample design challenge: • Efficient miniature power for communications, network nodes, and MEMS devices. • Supply just a few milliwatts, with very high efficiency. • Example: power on a chip. • Or, supply many watts, atlow voltage, for an IC. • 50 W, 0.8 V • 100 W, 1.2 V

  14. Future Projects • Fundamental tradeoffs in materials for small machines. • Ultra low voltage machine designs. • Power conversion for direct fuel cell, battery, and advanced electronics applications. • Simplified converters for 12 V to 42 V automotive interfaces.

  15. Conclusion • The Grainger CEME is now a national research leader in electric machines and electromechanics. • We intend to nurture a new generation of machine designers with broad systems expertise and a background in fundamental electromechanics. • We seek to pursue revolutionary concepts in the design, control, and use of all types of electromechanical devices and related energy systems.

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